{"id":"https://openalex.org/W108590595","doi":null,"title":"Development and validation of a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) for assessing sugar consumption among adults in Klang Valley, Malaysia.","display_name":"Development and validation of a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) for assessing sugar consumption among adults in Klang Valley, Malaysia.","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W108590595","mag":"108590595","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24568069"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:24568069","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24568069","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Malaysian journal of nutrition","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063894827","display_name":"Nik S Shanita","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nik S Shanita","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dietetics Programme, School of Healthcare Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dietetics Programme, School of Healthcare Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112262414","display_name":"A K Norimah","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A K Norimah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nutrition Science Programme, School of Healthcare Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nutrition Science Programme, School of Healthcare Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027089331","display_name":"Sharina Abu Hanifah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2123-7704","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2123-7704"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S Abu Hanifah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nutrition Science Programme, School of Healthcare Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nutrition Science Programme, School of Healthcare Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2478,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80222622,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"3","first_page":"283","last_page":"93"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10866","display_name":"Nutritional Studies and Diet","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10866","display_name":"Nutritional Studies and Diet","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12873","display_name":"Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior","score":0.0044999998062849045,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12057","display_name":"Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/food-frequency-questionnaire","display_name":"food frequency questionnaire","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/added-sugar-intake","display_name":"added sugar intake","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dietary-assessment","display_name":"dietary assessment","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/questionnaire-validation","display_name":"questionnaire validation","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/24-hour-dietary-recall","display_name":"24-hour dietary recall","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adults","display_name":"adults","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/klang-valley","display_name":"Klang Valley","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethnic-groups","display_name":"ethnic groups","score":0.42800000309944153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780662849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48768339","display_name":"Food frequency questionnaire","level":2,"score":0.774209201335907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129230472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q767036","display_name":"Food group","level":2,"score":0.5593441128730774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.529079020023346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777607137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17011065","display_name":"Added sugar","level":3,"score":0.5279145240783691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987526018","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213449","display_name":"Food consumption","level":2,"score":0.5078702569007874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159744936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1126730","display_name":"Spearman's rank correlation coefficient","level":2,"score":0.4862441122531891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017811646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q227870","display_name":"Sugar consumption","level":3,"score":0.4709649384021759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176656743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7455897","display_name":"Serving size","level":2,"score":0.4123598337173462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777108408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11002","display_name":"Sugar","level":2,"score":0.4064694046974182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.38632768392562866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.31411588191986084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.22421550750732422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2084343433380127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.1532115638256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.12030544877052307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48824518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q396340","display_name":"Agricultural economics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002149","descriptor_name":"Energy Intake","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002681","descriptor_name":"China","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004032","descriptor_name":"Diet","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005247","descriptor_name":"Feeding Behavior","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005502","descriptor_name":"Food","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007194","descriptor_name":"India","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008296","descriptor_name":"Malaysia","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011795","descriptor_name":"Surveys and Questionnaires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011939","descriptor_name":"Mental Recall","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015930","descriptor_name":"Diet Records","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015992","descriptor_name":"Body Mass Index","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019422","descriptor_name":"Dietary Sucrose","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:24568069","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24568069","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Malaysian journal of nutrition","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:108590595","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24568069","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9537000060081482},{"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.4359000027179718}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W100696533","https://openalex.org/W145304105","https://openalex.org/W1483707519","https://openalex.org/W1771578256","https://openalex.org/W1846953463","https://openalex.org/W1887821331","https://openalex.org/W1983843272","https://openalex.org/W2003237417","https://openalex.org/W2024433326","https://openalex.org/W2024437958","https://openalex.org/W2027230209","https://openalex.org/W2040979840","https://openalex.org/W2087279974","https://openalex.org/W2099368646","https://openalex.org/W2128625246","https://openalex.org/W2135200995","https://openalex.org/W2137090238","https://openalex.org/W2139713587","https://openalex.org/W2153856142","https://openalex.org/W2158540425","https://openalex.org/W2187792564"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2791291617","https://openalex.org/W3170577777","https://openalex.org/W2918802110","https://openalex.org/W3216544647","https://openalex.org/W4390152430","https://openalex.org/W4319318939","https://openalex.org/W7199159009","https://openalex.org/W4282840817","https://openalex.org/W817718474","https://openalex.org/W21786270"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"INTRODUCTION:":[0],"The":[1,86,96,110,135,227],"aim":[2],"of":[3,23,100,201,205,209,244,259,266],"this":[4],"study":[5],"was":[6,40,67,75,93,104,120,130,144,161,230],"to":[7,42,46,188,238],"develop":[8],"and":[9,185],"validate":[10],"a":[11,34,71,76,242,252],"semiquantitative":[12],"food":[13,44,102,108,179],"frequency":[14],"questionnaire":[15],"(FFQ)":[16],"for":[17,89,168,176,255],"assessing":[18],"habitual":[19,257],"added":[20,112,260],"sugar":[21,113,261],"consumption":[22],"adults":[24,53,82],"in":[25,83,137,232,262],"the":[26,31,50,62,65,90,117,128,141,169,177,210,215,233,263,267],"Klang":[27,84,268],"Valley.":[28,85,269],"METHODS:":[29],"In":[30,61],"development":[32],"phase,":[33,64],"24-hour":[35],"dietary":[36],"recall":[37],"(24-hr":[38],"DR)":[39],"used":[41],"determine":[43],"items":[45,103],"be":[47],"included":[48],"into":[49,106,203,214,219],"FFQ":[51,66,98,129,250],"among":[52,80],"from":[54,127],"three":[55],"major":[56],"ethnicities":[57],"(n":[58],"=":[59,149,152,163],"51).":[60],"validation":[63],"further":[68],"validated":[69,253],"against":[70],"reference":[72,118],"method":[73,119],"which":[74],"multiple-pass":[77],"24-hr":[78],"DR":[79],"125":[81],"response":[87],"rate":[88],"latter":[91],"phase":[92],"96.1%.":[94],"RESULTS:":[95],"semi-quantitative":[97,249],"consisting":[99],"64":[101],"categorised":[105],"10":[107],"groups.":[109],"mean":[111,138,243],"intake":[114,139,206,258],"determined":[115],"by":[116],"44.2":[121],"+/-":[122,132],"20.2":[123],"g/day":[124],"while":[125,172,222],"that":[126],"49.4":[131],"21.4":[133],"g/day.":[134],"difference":[136],"between":[140,182],"two":[142,170],"methods":[143,171],"5.2":[145],"g":[146,237],"(95%":[147],"CI":[148],"2.6-7.9;":[150],"SD":[151],"14.9,":[153],"p":[154],"<":[155,166,198],"0.05)":[156],"or":[157],"11.8%.":[158],"Pearson":[159],"correlation":[160],"r":[162],"0.74":[164],"(p":[165,197],"0.001)":[167],"Spearman":[173],"rank":[174],"correlations":[175],"various":[178],"groups":[180,194],"ranged":[181],"0.11":[183],"(cake":[184],"related":[186],"foods)":[187],"0.61":[189],"(self-prepared":[190],"drinks),":[191],"with":[192,241],"most":[193],"correlating":[195],"significantly":[196],"0.05).":[199],"Cross-classification":[200],"subjects":[202,211],"quintiles":[204,221],"showed":[207],"47.2%":[208],"correctly":[212],"classifying":[213],"same":[216],"quintile,":[217],"34.4%":[218],"adjacent":[220],"none":[223],"were":[224],"grossly":[225],"misclassified.":[226],"Bland-Altman":[228],"plot":[229],"concentrated":[231],"y-axis":[234],"range":[235],"(-24.14":[236],"34.8":[239],"g)":[240],"5.22":[245],"g.":[246],"CONCLUSION:":[247],"This":[248],"provides":[251],"tool":[254],"estimating":[256],"adult":[264],"population":[265]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}