{"id":"https://openalex.org/W106801822","doi":null,"title":"The age-related eye disease study: the results of the clinical trial.","display_name":"The age-related eye disease study: the results of the clinical trial.","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W106801822","mag":"106801822","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11962062"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:11962062","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11962062","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Insight (American Society of Ophthalmic Registered Nurses)","raw_type":"Clinical Trial"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022123478","display_name":"C. S. Sackett","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799853436","display_name":"Johns Hopkins Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/037zgn354","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799853436"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Catherine Stewart Sackett","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wilmer Institute Woods, 265 600 North Wolfe Street, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wilmer Institute Woods, 265 600 North Wolfe Street, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948","https://openalex.org/I2799853436"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059192581","display_name":"Sherrie Schenning","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sherrie Schenning","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.3551,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90463965,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"1","first_page":"5","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10445","display_name":"Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2704","display_name":"Biochemistry (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-related-eye-disease-study","display_name":"AREDS","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-related-macular-degeneration","display_name":"age-related macular degeneration","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cataract","display_name":"cataract","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antioxidants","display_name":"antioxidants","score":0.6909999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vitamin-e","display_name":"vitamin E","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vitamin-c","display_name":"vitamin C","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beta-carotene","display_name":"beta-carotene","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zinc","display_name":"zinc","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/copper","display_name":"copper","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/micronutrients","display_name":"micronutrients","score":0.6909999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drusen","display_name":"drusen","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-history-of-disease","display_name":"natural history of disease","score":0.5220000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-factors","display_name":"risk factors","score":0.824999988079071}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776403814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27429789","display_name":"Macular degeneration","level":2,"score":0.8381814956665039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8325353860855103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779093074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140528","display_name":"Drusen","level":3,"score":0.7824958562850952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27081682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269829","display_name":"Placebo","level":3,"score":0.6069481372833252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.46859803795814514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.4570877254009247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780225610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127724","display_name":"Cataracts","level":2,"score":0.4399111270904541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.34512144327163696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.30640482902526855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000367","descriptor_name":"Age Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000375","descriptor_name":"Aging","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000975","descriptor_name":"Antioxidants","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001205","descriptor_name":"Ascorbic Acid","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002386","descriptor_name":"Cataract","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002386","descriptor_name":"Cataract","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002386","descriptor_name":"Cataract","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003300","descriptor_name":"Copper","qualifier_ui":"Q000172","qualifier_name":"deficiency","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003300","descriptor_name":"Copper","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005500","descriptor_name":"Follow-Up Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008268","descriptor_name":"Macular Degeneration","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008268","descriptor_name":"Macular Degeneration","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008268","descriptor_name":"Macular Degeneration","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008268","descriptor_name":"Macular Degeneration","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012720","descriptor_name":"Severity of Illness Index","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014131","descriptor_name":"Trace Elements","qualifier_ui":"Q000172","qualifier_name":"deficiency","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014131","descriptor_name":"Trace Elements","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014810","descriptor_name":"Vitamin E","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015032","descriptor_name":"Zinc","qualifier_ui":"Q000172","qualifier_name":"deficiency","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015032","descriptor_name":"Zinc","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016896","descriptor_name":"Treatment Outcome","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017677","descriptor_name":"Age Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018450","descriptor_name":"Disease Progression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018977","descriptor_name":"Micronutrients","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019207","descriptor_name":"beta Carotene","qualifier_ui":"Q000172","qualifier_name":"deficiency","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019207","descriptor_name":"beta Carotene","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:11962062","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11962062","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Insight (American Society of Ophthalmic Registered Nurses)","raw_type":"Clinical Trial"},{"id":"mag:106801822","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11962062","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Clinical Trial","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7101019834","https://openalex.org/W44237636","https://openalex.org/W2566154985","https://openalex.org/W2076345249","https://openalex.org/W7067596919","https://openalex.org/W3023265788","https://openalex.org/W2597267452","https://openalex.org/W4399093936","https://openalex.org/W2078720001","https://openalex.org/W2246740980"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,55,84],"Age-Related":[1],"Eye":[2,14],"Disease":[3],"Study":[4],"(AREDS)":[5],"is":[6],"a":[7,35,76],"multi-center":[8],"study":[9],"sponsored":[10],"by":[11,88,150],"the":[12,18,47,60,89,127,135,156,160],"National":[13],"Institute":[15],"to":[16,38,72],"determine":[17,39],"natural":[19],"history":[20],"and":[21,28,49,53,65,80,93,132,164],"risk":[22,142,149],"factors":[23],"associated":[24],"with":[25,67,155],"both":[26],"cataract":[27,128],"age-related":[29],"macular":[30],"degeneration":[31],"(AMD).":[32],"AREDS":[33],"incorporated":[34],"clinical":[36],"trial":[37,129,137],"what":[40],"role":[41],"micro":[42,56],"nutrients":[43,57],"may":[44],"play":[45],"in":[46,126],"development":[48],"progression":[50],"of":[51,78,91,95,99,117,143,159,162],"cataracts":[52],"AMD.":[54,110],"studied":[58],"were":[59,70,86,112],"antioxidants":[61,79,163],"vitamins":[62],"E,C,":[63],"beta-carotene":[64],"zinc":[66],"copper.":[68],"Participants":[69],"randomized":[71],"either":[73],"antioxidants,":[74],"mineral,":[75],"combination":[77,161],"minerals":[81],"or":[82,108],"placebo.":[83,133],"participants":[85],"categorized,":[87],"presence":[90],"drusen":[92],"diagnosis":[94],"AMD":[96,107,136,146],"into":[97],"one":[98],"four":[100],"groups:":[101],"no":[102,122],"AMD,":[103,105],"early":[104],"intermediate":[106],"advanced":[109,145],"They":[111],"followed":[113],"for":[114],"an":[115],"average":[116],"6.3":[118],"years.":[119],"There":[120],"was":[121],"statistically":[123],"significant":[124],"difference":[125],"between":[130],"treatment":[131],"In":[134],"groups,":[138],"those":[139],"at":[140],"high":[141],"developing":[144],"lowered":[147],"their":[148],"about":[151],"25%":[152],"when":[153],"treated":[154],"mega":[157],"dosages":[158],"minerals.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}