{"id":"https://openalex.org/W106033549","doi":null,"title":"Envisioning sketch recognition: a local feature based approach to recognizing informal sketches","display_name":"Envisioning sketch recognition: a local feature based approach to recognizing informal sketches","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W106033549","mag":"106033549"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/40318","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40318","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40318","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400425","display_name":"DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40318","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112777557","display_name":"Randall Davis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5232-7281","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5232-7281"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Randall Davis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072287407","display_name":"Michael Oltmans","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Oltmans","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10719","display_name":"3D Shape Modeling and Analysis","score":0.18080000579357147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10719","display_name":"3D Shape Modeling and Analysis","score":0.18080000579357147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.1662999987602234,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.11900000274181366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sketch-recognition","display_name":"sketch recognition","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hand-drawn-sketches","display_name":"hand-drawn sketches","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-features","display_name":"local features","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shape-recognition","display_name":"shape recognition","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-design-stage","display_name":"preliminary design","score":0.777999997138977}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779231336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7534724","display_name":"Sketch","level":2,"score":0.920042872428894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132900626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7534733","display_name":"Sketch recognition","level":4,"score":0.6991593241691589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6597841382026672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5982138514518738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.5977333188056946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5434182286262512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5083231329917908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.4947440028190613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.49395209550857544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.47770383954048157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34972735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920267","display_name":"Engineering design process","level":2,"score":0.4342321455478668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.4195128083229065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199639397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1788588","display_name":"Engineering drawing","level":1,"score":0.41288891434669495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2271728813648224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.1333571970462799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207347870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371174","display_name":"Gesture","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159437735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1519524","display_name":"Gesture recognition","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/40318","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40318","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40318","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400425","display_name":"DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:106033549","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://rationale.csail.mit.edu/publications/Oltmans2007Envisioning.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/40318","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40318","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40318","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400425","display_name":"DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W106033549.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W106033549.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W6905414","https://openalex.org/W118483640","https://openalex.org/W131767152","https://openalex.org/W1487601331","https://openalex.org/W1529056873","https://openalex.org/W1532437437","https://openalex.org/W1596932356","https://openalex.org/W1625255723","https://openalex.org/W1984325917","https://openalex.org/W2042196721","https://openalex.org/W2057175746","https://openalex.org/W2061270248","https://openalex.org/W2068753989","https://openalex.org/W2071673578","https://openalex.org/W2072177878","https://openalex.org/W2082472820","https://openalex.org/W2101037815","https://openalex.org/W2103951164","https://openalex.org/W2104978738","https://openalex.org/W2122130267","https://openalex.org/W2125045358","https://openalex.org/W2132233302","https://openalex.org/W2143549856","https://openalex.org/W2148603752","https://openalex.org/W2151103935","https://openalex.org/W2153360297","https://openalex.org/W2153635508","https://openalex.org/W2155195471","https://openalex.org/W2158806060","https://openalex.org/W2162385689","https://openalex.org/W2171111545","https://openalex.org/W2171264341","https://openalex.org/W2177274842","https://openalex.org/W3000063644","https://openalex.org/W4240256148"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966558630","https://openalex.org/W2278670263","https://openalex.org/W7098934087","https://openalex.org/W2133865010","https://openalex.org/W7100110231","https://openalex.org/W2495845534","https://openalex.org/W7096008639","https://openalex.org/W7099175483","https://openalex.org/W1482005296","https://openalex.org/W2130812989"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hand":[0],"drawn":[1],"sketches":[2,36],"are":[3,13,20,48,85,91],"an":[4,14],"important":[5,15],"part":[6],"of":[7,17,65,71],"the":[8,43,72,104],"early":[9],"design":[10],"process":[11],"and":[12,30],"aspect":[16],"creative":[18],"design.They":[19],"used":[21],"in":[22,34,69],"many":[23],"elds":[24],"including":[25],"electrical":[26],"engineering,":[27],"software":[28],"engineering":[29],"web":[31],"design.Recognizing":[32],"shapes":[33,89],"these":[35],"is":[37,60,76],"a":[38,54,63,66],"challenging":[39],"task":[40],"due":[41],"to":[42,57,87,94],"imprecision":[44],"with":[45,53,96],"which":[46],"they":[47],"drawn.We":[49],"tackle":[50],"this":[51,80],"challenge":[52],"visual":[55,73,82],"approach":[56,59,83],"recognition.The":[58],"based":[61],"on":[62,103],"representation":[64],"sketched":[67],"shape":[68],"terms":[70],"parts":[74],"it":[75],"made":[77],"of.By":[78],"taking":[79],"part-based":[81],"we":[84],"able":[86],"recognize":[88,95],"that":[90,101],"extremely":[92],"dicult":[93],"current":[97],"sketch":[98],"recognition":[99],"systems":[100],"focus":[102],"individual":[105],"strokes.":[106]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
