{"id":"https://openalex.org/W10444681","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-409-90032-3.50009-4","title":"Protection of Information","display_name":"Protection of Information","publication_year":1987,"publication_date":"1987-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W10444681","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-409-90032-3.50009-4","mag":"10444681"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/b978-0-409-90032-3.50009-4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-409-90032-3.50009-4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-409-90032-3.50009-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463230","display_name":"Elsevier eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Security","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4248206544","display_name":"Computer Security"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054610664","display_name":"John M. Carroll","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5189-337X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5189-337X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"JOHN M. CARROLL","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5054610664"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00369633,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"53","last_page":"71"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10927","display_name":"Access Control and Trust","score":0.9175000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10927","display_name":"Access Control and Trust","score":0.9175000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.03909999877214432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.01640000008046627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-security","display_name":"information security","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitive-information","display_name":"sensitive data","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discretionary-access-control","display_name":"discretionary access control","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mandatory-access-control","display_name":"mandatory access control","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/least-privilege","display_name":"least privilege","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/access-control-lists","display_name":"access control lists","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-security-act-of-1947","display_name":"National Security Act of 1947","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atomic-energy-act-of-1954","display_name":"Atomic Energy Act of 1954","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-policy","display_name":"security policy","score":0.4819999933242798}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779547435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1121492","display_name":"Directive","level":2,"score":0.6731784343719482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527821871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228502","display_name":"Access control","level":2,"score":0.6552718281745911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780138299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3404265","display_name":"Privilege (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6208425164222717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777683733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201456","display_name":"Directory","level":2,"score":0.617027997970581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.5385663509368896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777855551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12310021","display_name":"Subject (documents)","level":2,"score":0.5183042883872986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5080821514129639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124181835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846498","display_name":"Classified information","level":2,"score":0.4641515016555786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168297262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6031182","display_name":"Information protection policy","level":2,"score":0.4592016637325287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985829316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26084","display_name":"Access to information","level":3,"score":0.4562680423259735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527648132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189900","display_name":"Information security","level":2,"score":0.45541146397590637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775833480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26084","display_name":"Freedom of information","level":2,"score":0.4520823359489441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528167355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q258307","display_name":"National security","level":2,"score":0.43429166078567505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.40971869230270386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.36791300773620605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776543384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593289","display_name":"Information access","level":2,"score":0.36772650480270386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3596656620502472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.35158759355545044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.3418618440628052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.15904501080513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/b978-0-409-90032-3.50009-4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-409-90032-3.50009-4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-409-90032-3.50009-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463230","display_name":"Elsevier eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Security","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7297000288963318,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4289810385","https://openalex.org/W2486258790","https://openalex.org/W3148806143","https://openalex.org/W2009505117","https://openalex.org/W317272953","https://openalex.org/W7096361670","https://openalex.org/W7095575570","https://openalex.org/W7095466635","https://openalex.org/W2361942431","https://openalex.org/W2475594486"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-10T09:11:00.788812","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}