{"id":"https://openalex.org/W104302389","doi":null,"title":"Byrhtnoth's Great-Hearted Mirth, or Praise and Blame in the Battle of Maldon","display_name":"Byrhtnoth's Great-Hearted Mirth, or Praise and Blame in the Battle of Maldon","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-06-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W104302389","mag":"104302389"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:104302389","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=1368769","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S152474067","display_name":"Philological quarterly","issn_l":"0031-7977","issn":["0031-7977"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-40","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316443","host_organization_name":"University of Iowa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316443"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Iowa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Philological quarterly","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088124137","display_name":"John Halbrooks","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"John Halbrooks","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5088124137"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.04369683,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"82","issue":"3","first_page":"235","last_page":"255"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10595","display_name":"Medieval Literature and History","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1205","display_name":"Classics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10595","display_name":"Medieval Literature and History","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1205","display_name":"Classics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13593","display_name":"Historical and Archaeological Studies","score":0.003800000064074993,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13167","display_name":"Historical, Literary, and Cultural Studies","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1205","display_name":"Classics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-battle-of-maldon","display_name":"Battle of Maldon","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/j-r-r-tolkien","display_name":"J. R. R. Tolkien","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/christian-admonition","display_name":"Christian admonition","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heroism","display_name":"heroism","score":0.492000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pride","display_name":"pride","score":0.3799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beowulf","display_name":"Beowulf","score":0.414000004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skaldic-poetry","display_name":"skaldic poetry","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/old-english-poetry","display_name":"Old English poetry","score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/translation","display_name":"translation","score":0.3919999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/praise-and-blame","display_name":"praise and blame","score":0.5170000195503235}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775868214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1208425","display_name":"Praise","level":2,"score":0.8053510189056396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.6524286866188049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51364203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1563532","display_name":"HERO","level":2,"score":0.5784293413162231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778627824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178561","display_name":"Battle","level":2,"score":0.5418260097503662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781466463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q621695","display_name":"Blame","level":2,"score":0.5380607843399048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164913051","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q482","display_name":"Poetry","level":2,"score":0.5091122984886169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.47293996810913086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777855551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12310021","display_name":"Subject (documents)","level":2,"score":0.44324737787246704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7991579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17955","display_name":"Criticism","level":2,"score":0.4226928949356079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.355188250541687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.2399379014968872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.16444894671440125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:104302389","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=1368769","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S152474067","display_name":"Philological quarterly","issn_l":"0031-7977","issn":["0031-7977"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-40","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316443","host_organization_name":"University of Iowa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316443"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Iowa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Philological quarterly","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2012000375","https://openalex.org/W103299730","https://openalex.org/W1544826034","https://openalex.org/W6997097052","https://openalex.org/W7111431448","https://openalex.org/W3185959759","https://openalex.org/W2315444479","https://openalex.org/W2149920354","https://openalex.org/W4417038821","https://openalex.org/W2765095431"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Since":[0],"J.":[1],"R.":[2,3],"Tolkien's":[4],"The":[14,239,470,545],"Homecoming":[6],"of":[7,16,28,31,37,48,64,78,89,108,111,132,162,182,199,246,271,293,296,357,367,381,388,408,418,441,457,464,477,484,517,527,539,544,547,562,571,585,598,623],"Beorhtnoth,":[8],"Beorhthelm's":[9],"Son,":[10],"(1)":[11],"commmentary":[12],"on":[13,20,51,103,129,610],"Battle":[15,546,570],"Maldon":[17,548,572,590],"has":[18,82,98,479,549,580,604,641],"focused":[19],"one":[21,41,597],"word,":[22,44],"sometimes":[23],"almost":[24],"to":[25,57,209,213,262,276,281,310,328,334,346,395,446,497,501,510,514,582,594],"the":[608],"exclusion":[27],"rest":[30],"poem.":[33],"That":[34],"word":[35,143,440,625],"is,":[36],"course,":[38],"ofermod.":[39,114],"How":[40],"glosses":[42],"as":[45,139,184,251,313,325],"any":[46],"survey":[47],"scholarship":[50],"subject":[53],"will":[54,219],"demonstrate,":[55],"determines":[56],"a":[58,76,140,160,231,439,448,462,525,558,586],"great":[59],"extent":[60],"reader's":[62],"assessment":[63,107,350,476],"Byrhtnoth's":[65,215,297,323],"heroism":[66],"and":[67,91,154,165,177,188,225,338,348,513,529],"leadership.":[68],"This":[69],"tight":[70],"focus":[71],"frames":[72],"debate":[74,224,609],"in":[75,100,147,179,190,202,230,291,303,339,427,436,455,536,565,589],"kind":[77],"either/or":[79],"dichotomy.":[80],"Criticism":[81],"tended":[83,550],"toward":[84,151,155],"either":[85],"praise":[86,164,456],"or":[87,105,126,413,467],"blame":[88],"Byrhtnoth,":[90],"which":[92,419,579],"side":[93],"individual":[95],"critic":[96],"takes":[97,376],"depended":[99],"many":[101],"cases":[102],"his":[104,258,272,294,304,336,389,493,511,537,566],"her":[106],"significance":[110],"hero's":[113],"It":[115,158],"is":[116,123,159,403,424,430,435,460,489],"my":[117],"contention":[118],"that":[119,170,192,205,241,351,361,450,472,507,542,629,646],"word's":[121],"ambiguity":[122,172],"no":[124],"accident":[125],"aesthetic":[127],"failure":[128],"part":[131],"poet;":[134],"rather,":[135],"like":[136],"poem":[138,176,204,237,449],"whole,":[141],"pushes":[144],"reader":[146],"contradictory":[148,197],"directions,":[149],"both":[150,163],"heroic":[152,458,465],"elegy":[153],"Christian":[156],"admonishment.":[157],"sign":[161],"blame.":[166],"I":[167,218],"also":[168,523],"posit":[169],"this":[171,365,475],"resonates":[173],"throughout":[174],"specifically":[178],"presentation":[181],"Byrhtnoth":[183,478],"he":[185,314,352,370,401],"prepares":[186],"for":[187,257],"engages":[189],"battle,":[191],"there":[193,521],"are":[194,372],"essentially":[195],"two":[196],"visions":[198],"hero":[201,345,488],"poet":[207],"attempts":[208],"reconcile.":[210],"In":[211],"order":[212],"clarify":[214],"double":[216],"nature,":[217],"first":[220,452],"review":[221,538],"critical":[223],"then":[300,385],"examine":[227],"similar":[228],"contradictions":[229],"hitherto":[232],"undiscussed":[233],"analogue,":[234],"Skaldic":[236],"Hakonarmal.":[238],"lines":[240,288],"have":[242,317,522],"been":[243,524],"source":[245],"so":[247],"much":[248,279,394],"controversy":[249],"read":[250],"follows:":[252],"da":[253],"se":[254],"eorl":[255],"ongan":[256],"ofermode":[259],"alyfan":[260],"landes":[261],"fela":[263],"lalaere":[264],"deode.":[265],"(2)":[266],"[Then":[267],"earl,":[269],"because":[270,492],"great-hearted":[273],"pride":[274,306,466,494],"began":[275],"give":[277],"too":[278,393],"land":[280],"those":[282],"hostile":[283],"people.]":[284],"Tolkien":[285],"translates":[286],"these":[287],"quite":[289],"differently":[290],"support":[292],"thesis":[295],"unredeemable":[298],"folly:":[299],"earl":[302,387],"overmastering":[305],"actually":[307,461],"yielded":[308],"ground":[309,392],"enemy,":[312],"should":[315],"not":[316,363,373,404],"done.":[318],"(3)":[319],"He":[320,375],"discusses":[322],"actions":[324],"an":[326,340,405,481,505],"attempt":[327],"gain":[329],"personal":[330],"glory,":[331],"rather":[332],"than":[333],"do":[335,362],"duty,":[337],"interesting":[341],"aside":[342],"compares":[343],"Beowulf":[347],"was":[353,615],"lofgeornost":[354],"'most":[355],"desirous":[356],"glory.'":[358],"(4)":[359],"Translations":[360],"carry":[364],"sense":[366],"sinful":[368],"pride,":[369],"contends,":[371],"adequate.":[374],"issue":[377,541,564,614],"with":[378,432],"Ker's":[379],"translation":[380,407],"same":[383],"lines:":[384],"overboldness":[390],"granted":[391],"hateful":[397],"people.":[398],"(5)":[399],"Boldness,":[400],"asserts,":[402],"accurate":[406],"mod:":[409],"it":[429],"means":[411],"'spirit,'":[412],"when":[414],"unqualified":[415],"'high":[416],"spirit,'":[417],"most":[421],"usual":[422],"manifestation":[423],"pride.":[425],"But":[426],"ofer-mod":[428],"qualified,":[431],"disapproval:":[433],"ofermod":[434,575,613,630],"fact":[437],"always":[438],"condemnation.":[442],"(6)":[443],"Thus,":[444],"according":[445,593],"Tolkien,":[447],"at":[451,490],"reading":[453,483],"seems":[454],"spirit,":[459],"condemnation":[463],"chivalry.":[468],"(7)":[469],"argument":[471],"follows":[473],"from":[474],"become":[480],"orthodox":[482],"poem:":[486],"fault":[491],"leads":[495,508],"him":[496],"allow":[498],"Vikings":[500],"cross":[502],"causeway,":[504],"allowance":[506],"inevitably":[509],"death":[512],"defeat":[516],"English.":[519],"However,":[520],"number":[526],"unorthodox":[528],"even":[530],"heterodox":[531],"readings.":[532],"Paul":[533],"Cavill":[534],"observes":[535],"interpretation":[543],"towards":[551],"polarization.":[552],"(8)":[553],"Helmut":[554,618,639],"Gneuss":[555,603,640],"carries":[556],"out":[557],"thorough":[559],"lexicographical":[560],"study":[561,622],"1976":[567],"essay":[568],"89:":[573],"Byrhtnod's":[574],"Once":[576],"Again,":[577],"(9)":[578],"proven":[581],"be":[583],"something":[584],"turning":[587],"point":[588],"criticism.":[591],"Indeed,":[592],"Donald":[595],"Scragg,":[596],"poem's":[600],"recent":[601],"editors,":[602],"settled":[605],"question:":[607],"whole":[612],"ended":[616],"by":[617],"Gneuss,":[619],"whose":[620],"philological":[621],"proved":[626],"beyond":[627],"doubt":[628],"meant":[631],"'pride.'":[632],"(10)":[633],"Fred":[634],"C.":[635],"Robinson":[636],"concurs:":[637],"Professor":[638],"provided":[642],"virtually":[643],"certain":[644],"evidence":[645],"latter":[648],"word(i.":[649],"\u2026":[650]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-10-10T17:16:08.811792","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
