{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1037527433","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyv096.380","title":"Pattern of Areca (betel) Nut Chewing and Obesity Measures in Guam and Saipan, Mariana Islands.","display_name":"Pattern of Areca (betel) Nut Chewing and Obesity Measures in Guam and Saipan, Mariana Islands.","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-09-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1037527433","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyv096.380","mag":"1037527433"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/ije/dyv096.380","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyv096.380","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyv096.380","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S13389975","display_name":"International Journal of Epidemiology","issn_l":"0300-5771","issn":["0300-5771","1464-3685"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Epidemiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091092497","display_name":"Yvette C. Paulino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6214-6249","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6214-6249"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80276326","display_name":"University of Guam","ror":"https://ror.org/00376bg92","country_code":"GU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80276326"]}],"countries":["GU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Y. C. Paulino","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Guam, Mangilao, Guam,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Guam, Mangilao, Guam,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80276326"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067035898","display_name":"Eric L. Hurwitz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3641-0784","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3641-0784"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117965899","display_name":"University of Hawai\u02bbi at M\u0101noa","ror":"https://ror.org/01wspgy28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117965899"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. L. Hurwitz","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Hawaii-Manoa, Honolulu, HI,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Hawaii-Manoa, Honolulu, HI,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117965899"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"L. R. Wilkens","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039246","display_name":"University of Hawaii Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00kt3nk56","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4390039246"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. R. Wilkens","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4390039246"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"R. Novotny","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117965899","display_name":"University of Hawai\u02bbi at M\u0101noa","ror":"https://ror.org/01wspgy28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117965899"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Novotny","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Hawaii-Manoa, Honolulu, HI,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Hawaii-Manoa, Honolulu, HI,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117965899"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"M. J. Miller","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80276326","display_name":"University of Guam","ror":"https://ror.org/00376bg92","country_code":"GU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80276326"]}],"countries":["GU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. J. Miller","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Guam, Mangilao, Guam,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Guam, Mangilao, Guam,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80276326"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"K. M. G. Quinata","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80276326","display_name":"University of Guam","ror":"https://ror.org/00376bg92","country_code":"GU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80276326"]}],"countries":["GU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. M. G. Quinata","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Guam, Mangilao, Guam,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Guam, Mangilao, Guam,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80276326"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5091092497"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80276326"],"apc_list":{"value":3423,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":4514},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.02323293,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":"suppl_1","first_page":"i221","last_page":"i222"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10060","display_name":"Smoking Behavior and Cessation","score":0.8871999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10060","display_name":"Smoking Behavior and Cessation","score":0.8871999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10010","display_name":"Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet","score":0.06769999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13822","display_name":"Indigenous Health and Education","score":0.011500000022351742,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/betel-nut-chewing","display_name":"betel quid chewing","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/areca-nut","display_name":"areca nut","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chewing-patterns","display_name":"chewing habits","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/obesity","display_name":"obesity","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abdominal-obesity","display_name":"abdominal obesity","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waist-to-hip-ratio","display_name":"waist-to-hip ratio","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/body-mass-index","display_name":"body mass index","score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tobacco-use","display_name":"tobacco use","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mariana-islands","display_name":"Mariana Islands","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/guam","display_name":"Guam","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/saipan","display_name":"Saipan","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anthropometry","display_name":"anthropometry","score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-disease-risk","display_name":"chronic disease risk","score":0.5820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sex-differences","display_name":"sex differences","score":0.45500001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chewing-duration","display_name":"chewing duration","score":0.5109999775886536}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206391251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1186738","display_name":"Nut","level":2,"score":0.8857769966125488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779741799","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q157289","display_name":"Areca","level":3,"score":0.8725975751876831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777417228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159532","display_name":"Betel","level":3,"score":0.6196749210357666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.497435599565506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.365045428276062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0755305290222168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/ije/dyv096.380","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyv096.380","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyv096.380","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S13389975","display_name":"International Journal of Epidemiology","issn_l":"0300-5771","issn":["0300-5771","1464-3685"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Epidemiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"mag:1037527433","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://wce.confex.com/wce/2014/webprogram/Paper3147.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306531979","display_name":"The 20th IEA World Congress of Epidemiology (17-21 August 2014, Anchorage, AK)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The 20th IEA World Congress of Epidemiology (17-21 August 2014, Anchorage, AK)","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.98580002784729,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3048404161","https://openalex.org/W4411669925","https://openalex.org/W2767218771","https://openalex.org/W2054570819","https://openalex.org/W2013893245","https://openalex.org/W2409475469","https://openalex.org/W2001423794","https://openalex.org/W2579776990","https://openalex.org/W2262920921","https://openalex.org/W2767269288"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"INTRODUCTION:":[0],"Areca":[1],"(betel)":[2],"nut":[3,69,93,173,214],"is":[4,12,47,324],"chewed":[5,201,211],"by":[6,182],"600":[7],"million":[8],"people":[9],"worldwide,":[10],"and":[11,22,54,82,95,98,103,117,119,139,155,168,220,243,279,296,298],"the":[13,60,137,146,194,204,212,337],"fourth":[14],"most":[15],"frequently":[16],"used":[17,107,123,143],"substance":[18],"following":[19],"nicotine,":[20],"ethanol,":[21],"caffeine.":[23],"Chewing":[24],"patterns":[25,53,181],"vary":[26],"among":[27,57,330,334],"populations.":[28],"The":[29,42,186,267,316],"practice":[30],"has":[31],"been":[32],"shown":[33],"to":[34,48,108,124,144,218],"be":[35],"associated":[36,325],"with":[37,171,202,326],"chronic":[38],"diseases,":[39],"including":[40],"obesity.":[41],"purpose":[43],"of":[44,59,66,148,193],"this":[45],"study":[46],"estimate":[49,145],"associations":[50,134,269],"between":[51,84],"chewing":[52,174,322],"obesity":[55,149,225,280],"measures":[56],"residents":[58],"Mariana":[61,338],"Islands.":[62,339],"METHODS:":[63],"A":[64],"cross-section":[65],"300":[67],"betel":[68,92,172],"chewers":[70,199,209],"(157":[71],"males;":[72],"143":[73],"females)":[74,167],"\u226518":[75],"years":[76],"old":[77],"were":[78,100,106,122,142,196,206,260,270],"recruited":[79],"in":[80,162,166,263,272,275,336],"Guam":[81],"Saipan":[83],"January":[85],"2011and":[86],"June":[87],"2012.":[88],"Information":[89],"on":[90],"demographics,":[91],"use":[94],"related":[96],"behaviors,":[97],"anthropometry":[99],"collected.":[101],"Height":[102],"weight":[104,115],"measurements":[105,121],"calculate":[109,125],"body":[110],"mass":[111],"index":[112],"(BMI)":[113],"for":[114,129,277],"status,":[116],"waist":[118],"hip":[120],"waist-to-hip":[126],"ratio":[127,228,283],"(WHR)":[128],"central":[130,157,245,300,328],"adiposity.":[131],"Sex-specific":[132],"adjusted":[133,268],"using":[135],"both":[136],"logistic":[138],"log-binomial":[140],"models":[141],"prevalence":[147,227],"(BMI":[150],"\u226530":[151],"kg/m":[152],"2":[153,198,223],")":[154],"high":[156,244,299,327],"adiposity":[158,246,301,329],"(WHR":[159],">":[160,164],"1.0":[161],"males,":[163,331],"0.85":[165],"their":[169],"association":[170],"pattern,":[175],"which":[176],"was":[177],"classified":[178],"into":[179],"two":[180],"cluster":[183],"analysis.":[184],"RESULTS:":[185],"majority":[187],"(":[188],"n":[189],"=":[190,230,235,238,241,249,252,255,258,285,288,291,294,304,307,310,313],"222;":[191],"74%)":[192],"participants":[195],"Class":[197,207,222,264,278,297,320],"who":[200,210],"tobacco;":[203],"remainder":[205],"1":[208,265,321],"areca":[213],"without":[215],"tobacco.":[216],"Compared":[217],"male":[219],"female":[221],"chewers,":[224],"[males:":[226,247,281,302],"(PR)":[229],"1.12;":[231],"confidence":[232],"interval":[233],"(CI)":[234],"0.78\u20131.62/females:":[236],"PR":[237,248,254],"1.09;":[239],"CI":[240,251,257,287,293,306,312],"0.84\u20131.43]":[242],"1.68;":[250],"1.07\u20132.65/females:":[253],"1.00;":[256],"0.80\u20131.23]":[259],"more":[261],"prevalent":[262],"chewers.":[266],"stronger":[271],"males":[273],"than":[274],"females":[276,335],"odds":[282],"(OR)":[284],"1.76;":[286],"0.75\u20134.09/females:":[289],"OR":[290,303,309],"1.31;":[292],"0.43\u20134.01]":[295],"2.92;":[305],"1.21\u20137.07/females:":[308],"0.90;":[311],"0.24\u20133.41].":[314],"CONCLUSIONS:":[315],"findings":[317],"suggest":[318],"that":[319],"pattern":[323],"but":[332],"not":[333]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-27T15:51:10.671819","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}