{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1031233601","doi":null,"title":"The Epidemiology of Progression of Geographic Atrophy; The Beaver Dam Eye Study","display_name":"The Epidemiology of Progression of Geographic Atrophy; The Beaver Dam Eye Study","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-05-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1031233601","mag":"1031233601"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:1031233601","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://iovs.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2377881","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S76304953","display_name":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science","issn_l":"0146-0404","issn":["0146-0404","1552-5783"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321950","host_organization_name":"Cadmus Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321950"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cadmus Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009107916","display_name":"Stacy M. Meuer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5484-2535","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5484-2535"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stacy M. Meuer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Univ of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5484-2535","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Univ of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025718516","display_name":"Michael D. Knudtson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael D. Knudtson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Univ of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Univ of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061631272","display_name":"Ronald Klein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4428-6237","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4428-6237"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ronald Klein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Univ of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4428-6237","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Univ of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":"13","first_page":"2455","last_page":"2455"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11194","display_name":"Ocular Diseases and Beh\u00e7et\u2019s Syndrome","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geographic-atrophy","display_name":"geographic atrophy","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease-progression","display_name":"disease progression","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lesion-area","display_name":"lesion area","score":0.40400001406669617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foveal-involvement","display_name":"foveal involvement","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macular-degeneration","display_name":"macular degeneration","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beaver-dam-eye-study","display_name":"Beaver Dam Eye Study","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-acuity-loss","display_name":"visual acuity loss","score":0.7129999995231628}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781172350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194520","display_name":"Atrophy","level":2,"score":0.8140243291854858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781156865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q827023","display_name":"Lesion","level":2,"score":0.6611142158508301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991880128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47200750","display_name":"Geographic atrophy","level":3,"score":0.6404825448989868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5532127618789673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5241934657096863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.46733319759368896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.4023292660713196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.2770451307296753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.23780763149261475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776403814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27429789","display_name":"Macular degeneration","level":2,"score":0.18383491039276123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:1031233601","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://iovs.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2377881","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S76304953","display_name":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science","issn_l":"0146-0404","issn":["0146-0404","1552-5783"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321950","host_organization_name":"Cadmus Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321950"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cadmus Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9391000270843506,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W180812339","https://openalex.org/W1483046663","https://openalex.org/W1494726320","https://openalex.org/W1541005345","https://openalex.org/W1543801259","https://openalex.org/W1565600091","https://openalex.org/W1740303948","https://openalex.org/W1789824814","https://openalex.org/W1965038445","https://openalex.org/W1969775043","https://openalex.org/W1977060705","https://openalex.org/W1988245456","https://openalex.org/W1995575842","https://openalex.org/W1996821302","https://openalex.org/W2032463068","https://openalex.org/W2052064127","https://openalex.org/W2066326071","https://openalex.org/W2073559780","https://openalex.org/W2084190964","https://openalex.org/W2088432960","https://openalex.org/W2096773438","https://openalex.org/W2104421727","https://openalex.org/W2104421967","https://openalex.org/W2120110441","https://openalex.org/W2138437064","https://openalex.org/W2158770960","https://openalex.org/W2162103288","https://openalex.org/W2266045994"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2054857117","https://openalex.org/W6958826559","https://openalex.org/W2401288801","https://openalex.org/W2104421967","https://openalex.org/W4400414946","https://openalex.org/W4415966099","https://openalex.org/W4415606636","https://openalex.org/W7166530861","https://openalex.org/W3111675991","https://openalex.org/W3138344091"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u25cf":[0,15,20,84],"PURPOSE:":[1],"To":[2],"examine":[3],"the":[4,31,34,46,73,87,121,139,167,182],"change":[5],"in":[6,72,79,124,142],"size":[7],"and":[8,49,82,108,147],"location":[9],"of":[10,33,144,153,169],"pure":[11,91],"geographic":[12],"atrophy":[13,125,135,170,179],"(GA).":[14],"DESIGN:":[16],"Population-based":[17],"cohort":[18],"study.":[19],"METHODS:":[21],"Ninety-five":[22],"persons":[23,57],"with":[24,70,118,159],"GA":[25,71,92,101,106,113,161],"either":[26],"at":[27,30,64],"baseline":[28],"or":[29,39],"one":[32],"three":[35],"five-year":[36,132],"follow-up":[37],"examinations,":[38],"both,":[40],"were":[41,54,62,162],"identified.":[42],"Using":[43],"computerassisted":[44],"software,":[45],"lesion":[47],"area":[48,81,168],"greatest":[50],"linear":[51],"dimension":[52],"(GLD)":[53],"calculated.":[55],"Thirty-two":[56],"(53":[58],"multiple":[59,65,119],"eye-visit":[60],"pairs)":[61],"seen":[63],"visits":[66],"five":[67],"years":[68],"apart":[69],"same":[74],"eye":[75],"to":[76,137,165,177,181],"evaluate":[77],"changes":[78],"total":[80],"GLD.":[83],"RESULTS:":[85],"At":[86],"first":[88],"occasion":[89],"when":[90],"was":[93,126,149],"identified":[94],"(n":[95],"95),":[96],"45%":[97],"had":[98,104,110],"a":[99,111,131,150],"single":[100],"lesion,":[102],"18%":[103],"multifocal":[105,160],"lesions,":[107],"37%":[109],"merged":[112],"lesion.":[114],"Of":[115],"53":[116],"eyes":[117],"visits,":[120],"overall":[122],"increase":[123,171],"6.4":[127],"mm":[128,174],"2":[129,175],"over":[130],"period.":[133],"The":[134],"progressed":[136],"involve":[138],"foveal":[140,183],"center":[141,184],"47%":[143],"19":[145],"eyes,":[146],"there":[148],"mean":[151],"decrease":[152],"17":[154],"letters":[155],"read":[156],"correctly.":[157],"Eyes":[158],"most":[163],"likely":[164],"have":[166,178],"(mean,":[172],"12":[173],"),":[176],"progress":[180]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}