{"id":"https://openalex.org/W102337431","doi":null,"title":"THEORETICAL ELECTRON DYNAMICS IN THE LOW EMITTANCE GUN","display_name":"THEORETICAL ELECTRON DYNAMICS IN THE LOW EMITTANCE GUN","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W102337431","mag":"102337431"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:102337431","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://iwbs2004.web.psi.ch/Scientific_Reports/2004/PSI-Scientific_and_Technical_Report_2004-Volume_VI_Dateien/Seite92_95_2004.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058464115","display_name":"A. Candel","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Candel","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002737790","display_name":"M. Dehler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5389-0188"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Dehler","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5389-0188","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.8707,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97768236,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11367","display_name":"Particle accelerators and beam dynamics","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11367","display_name":"Particle accelerators and beam dynamics","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10559","display_name":"Particle Accelerators and Free-Electron Lasers","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11808","display_name":"Superconducting Materials and Applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-emittance","display_name":"Thermal emittance","score":0.8692271113395691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electron-gun","display_name":"Electron gun","score":0.7029141783714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emissivity","display_name":"Emissivity","score":0.6697498559951782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transverse-plane","display_name":"Transverse plane","score":0.6566230058670044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cathode","display_name":"Cathode","score":0.5422741770744324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/common-emitter","display_name":"Common emitter","score":0.5220541954040527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/current","display_name":"Current (fluid)","score":0.5007750988006592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electron","display_name":"Electron","score":0.46583667397499084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acceleration","display_name":"Acceleration","score":0.44645678997039795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-physics","display_name":"Computational physics","score":0.4291076362133026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam","display_name":"Beam (structure)","score":0.4192489981651306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.40808093547821045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.3894732892513275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cathode-ray","display_name":"Cathode ray","score":0.37168461084365845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanics","display_name":"Mechanics","score":0.32766014337539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.19250154495239258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.19221174716949463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18498092889785767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-physics","display_name":"Nuclear physics","score":0.1412225365638733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classical-mechanics","display_name":"Classical mechanics","score":0.10352641344070435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.09658896923065186}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92508244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3369825","display_name":"Thermal emittance","level":3,"score":0.8692271113395691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179156687","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128174","display_name":"Electron gun","level":4,"score":0.7029141783714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163651212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899670","display_name":"Emissivity","level":2,"score":0.6697498559951782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154954056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1604164","display_name":"Transverse plane","level":2,"score":0.6566230058670044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49110097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175233","display_name":"Cathode","level":2,"score":0.5422741770744324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46918542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648344","display_name":"Common emitter","level":2,"score":0.5220541954040527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148043351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4456944","display_name":"Current (fluid)","level":2,"score":0.5007750988006592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147120987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2225","display_name":"Electron","level":2,"score":0.46583667397499084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117896860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11376","display_name":"Acceleration","level":2,"score":0.44645678997039795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30475298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909554","display_name":"Computational physics","level":1,"score":0.4291076362133026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168834538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3705329","display_name":"Beam (structure)","level":2,"score":0.4192489981651306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.40808093547821045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3894732892513275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95312477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207340","display_name":"Cathode ray","level":3,"score":0.37168461084365845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.32766014337539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.19250154495239258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.19221174716949463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18498092889785767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.1412225365638733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.10352641344070435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.09658896923065186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:102337431","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://iwbs2004.web.psi.ch/Scientific_Reports/2004/PSI-Scientific_and_Technical_Report_2004-Volume_VI_Dateien/Seite92_95_2004.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1506342804","https://openalex.org/W1976422482","https://openalex.org/W2142063750","https://openalex.org/W3157143496"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1991760904","https://openalex.org/W1987476167","https://openalex.org/W1980923290","https://openalex.org/W2112928128","https://openalex.org/W2113062304","https://openalex.org/W3013614998","https://openalex.org/W2743819474","https://openalex.org/W2384421504","https://openalex.org/W2014070706","https://openalex.org/W2189516739","https://openalex.org/W3022613588","https://openalex.org/W1648806932","https://openalex.org/W2996985294","https://openalex.org/W2997494814","https://openalex.org/W2281844933","https://openalex.org/W2978214216","https://openalex.org/W2751953295","https://openalex.org/W2792001840","https://openalex.org/W2090332158","https://openalex.org/W2163290215"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"For":[0,36],"the":[1,7,20,61,64,67,72,77,83,90,122],"pulsed":[2],"DC":[3],"gun":[4],"planned":[5],"for":[6],"LEG":[8],"project,":[9],"we":[10],"explore":[11],"suitable":[12],"operating":[13],"regimes.":[14],"Assuming":[15],"smooth":[16],"current":[17,69],"distributions":[18],"at":[19],"cathode,":[21],"gradients":[22],"of":[23,29,63,76,85,92,124],"500":[24],"MV/m":[25],"and":[26],"peak":[27],"currents":[28],"5":[30],"A":[31],"are":[32,58,128],"reasonable":[33],"design":[34],"targets.":[35],"lower":[37],"gradients,":[38],"conventional":[39],"RF":[40],"guns":[41],"start":[42],"to":[43,81,109,114],"become":[44],"competitive.":[45],"Using":[46],"a":[47,103],"self":[48],"developed":[49],"parallel":[50],"3D":[51],"particle-in-cell":[52],"(PIC)":[53],"code,":[54],"more":[55],"refined":[56],"simulations":[57],"presented,":[59],"showing":[60],"effect":[62,84],"granularity":[65],"in":[66,89,121,130],"transverse":[68],"distribution":[70],"on":[71],"resulting":[73],"slice":[74],"emittance":[75],"beam.":[78],"In":[79],"order":[80],"assess":[82],"real":[86],"world":[87],"variations":[88],"emissivity":[91],"FEAs,":[93],"spatially":[94],"uncorrelated":[95],"tip":[96,110],"failure":[97,111],"is":[98,120],"simulated.":[99],"The":[100,116],"result":[101],"shows":[102],"relatively":[104],"robust":[105],"behavior":[106],"with":[107],"respect":[108],"rates":[112],"up":[113],"50%.":[115],"emitter":[117],"model":[118],"still":[119],"process":[123],"refinement,":[125],"further":[126],"results":[127],"forthcoming":[129],"2005.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T04:12:42.849631","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
