{"id":"https://openalex.org/W101862175","doi":null,"title":"Reliability enhancements of VRLA batteries","display_name":"Reliability enhancements of VRLA batteries","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W101862175","mag":"101862175"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:101862175","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.osti.gov/scitech/biblio/352454-reliability-enhancements-vrla-batteries","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102818781","display_name":"Karun Kumar Jana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2309-6546","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2309-6546"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Karun Kumar Jana","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2309-6546","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102818781"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.01227308,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"41","issue":"4","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10780","display_name":"Reliability and Maintenance Optimization","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10018","display_name":"Advancements in Battery Materials","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/valve-regulated-lead-acid-batteries","display_name":"valve-regulated lead-acid batteries","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/battery-reliability","display_name":"battery reliability","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/premature-failure","display_name":"premature failure","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/failure-modes","display_name":"failure modes","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standby-power","display_name":"standby power","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/battery-design","display_name":"battery design","score":0.8270000219345093}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776633596","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q780582","display_name":"VRLA battery","level":5,"score":0.84217369556427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50292345","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q337724","display_name":"Lead\u2013acid battery","level":4,"score":0.7732408046722412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.6753264665603638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.6736478209495544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555008776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267298","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","level":3,"score":0.561704158782959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103208741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1675349","display_name":"Service life","level":2,"score":0.558774471282959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7140552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1366402","display_name":"Standby power","level":3,"score":0.5206426978111267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.47603821754455566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77595967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3151013","display_name":"Forensic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4660533368587494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3971458375453949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3587055206298828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3501296937465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.15440523624420166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:101862175","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.osti.gov/scitech/biblio/352454-reliability-enhancements-vrla-batteries","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.75,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2379269948","https://openalex.org/W1485209330","https://openalex.org/W6982625389","https://openalex.org/W2154948905","https://openalex.org/W2394195761","https://openalex.org/W2032085644","https://openalex.org/W2009472397","https://openalex.org/W2352370317","https://openalex.org/W1530701526","https://openalex.org/W4387400092"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Valve":[0],"regulated":[1],"lead":[2],"acid":[3],"(VRLA)":[4],"batteries":[5,30,64,129],"have":[6,71],"established":[7],"themselves":[8],"as":[9,132,147],"perhaps":[10],"the":[11,115,133],"most":[12],"cost-effective":[13],"power":[14],"source":[15,135],"for":[16,52],"both":[17],"standby":[18,137],"and":[19,69,110,119,139,154],"cyclic":[20,145],"applications.":[21],"However,":[22],"these":[23],"is":[24,40,95,103],"a":[25,87],"widespread":[26],"perception":[27],"that":[28,46,59,93,101],"VRLA":[29,63,79,83,128],"are":[31,65,130,141],"subject":[32],"to":[33,62],"premature":[34],"failure.":[35],"Some":[36],"of":[37,89,108,136,150],"this":[38,113],"criticism":[39],"based":[41],"on":[42],"life":[43],"expectancy":[44],"claims":[45],"could":[47],"not":[48],"be":[49,123,126],"substantiated,":[50],"particularly":[51],"earlier":[53],"generation":[54,78],"products.":[55],"Premature":[56],"failure":[57,117],"modes":[58,118],"were":[60],"unique":[61],"now":[66],"well":[67,148],"understood":[68],"they":[70,121,140],"been":[72],"eliminated":[73],"by":[74],"design":[75],"from":[76],"current":[77],"batteries.":[80],"The":[81],"contemporary":[82],"battery":[84],"has":[85],"reached":[86],"stage":[88],"product":[90],"maturity":[91],"such":[92],"it":[94,102],"satisfactorily":[96],"meeting":[97],"service":[98],"requirements,":[99],"provided":[100],"properly":[104],"selected":[105],"in":[106],"terms":[107],"size":[109],"type.":[111],"In":[112],"paper":[114],"potential":[116],"how":[120],"may":[122],"overcome":[124],"will":[125],"described.":[127],"recognized":[131],"principal":[134],"power,":[138],"rapidly":[142],"proliferating":[143],"into":[144],"applications":[146],"because":[149],"their":[151],"increased":[152],"reliability":[153],"cost":[155],"effectiveness.":[156]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-01T08:54:57.152042","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
