{"id":"https://openalex.org/W101418403","doi":null,"title":"Making the Dogman Heel: Recommendations for Improving the Effectiveness of Dogfighting Laws","display_name":"Making the Dogman Heel: Recommendations for Improving the Effectiveness of Dogfighting Laws","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W101418403","mag":"101418403"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:3192881067","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3499956","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3499956","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066587426","display_name":"Francesca Ortiz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27116053","display_name":"South Texas College of Law","ror":"https://ror.org/04wgp8f82","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27116053"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Francesca Ortiz","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066587426"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27116053"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14206","display_name":"Animal Law and Welfare","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14206","display_name":"Animal Law and Welfare","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13376","display_name":"Criminal Law and Policy","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12965","display_name":"Wildlife Conservation and Criminology Analyses","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2309","display_name":"Nature and Landscape Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dog-fighting","display_name":"dog fighting","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/animal-cruelty","display_name":"animal cruelty","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/criminal-law-enforcement","display_name":"criminal law enforcement","score":0.6050000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task-force","display_name":"task force","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statutory-reform","display_name":"statutory reform","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-sharing","display_name":"cost sharing","score":0.6679999828338623}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780262971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44554","display_name":"Law enforcement","level":2,"score":0.6789257526397705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780226355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1936750","display_name":"Cruelty","level":2,"score":0.6604245901107788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.6270544528961182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158129432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7766927","display_name":"Statutory law","level":2,"score":0.583034098148346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777189325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61022630","display_name":"Officer","level":2,"score":0.5262778401374817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779777834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4202277","display_name":"Enforcement","level":2,"score":0.5251174569129944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5088127255439758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777278149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2916183","display_name":"Conviction","level":2,"score":0.4990870952606201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4944474697113037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780587575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6875295","display_name":"Misconduct","level":2,"score":0.4201413691043854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910235986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6528049","display_name":"Public defender","level":3,"score":0.4141642153263092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3315761685371399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102587632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117488","display_name":"Criminal justice","level":2,"score":0.2908356785774231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"mag:3192881067","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3499956","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:101418403","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://journals.law.stanford.edu/sites/default/files/print/issues/ortiz.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"mag:3192881067","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3499956","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7052063622","https://openalex.org/W4253175645","https://openalex.org/W2909361251","https://openalex.org/W7217210230","https://openalex.org/W3097038901","https://openalex.org/W7002536983","https://openalex.org/W1754303347","https://openalex.org/W3118757941","https://openalex.org/W2504353997","https://openalex.org/W2899804340"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Since":[0],"Michael":[1],"Vick\u2019s":[2],"arrest":[3],"and":[4,8,33,41,58,103,109,123,129,169,185,197,200],"conviction,":[5],"federal,":[6],"state":[7],"local":[9],"governments":[10],"have":[11],"attempted":[12],"to":[13,70,77,91,113,141,191,215],"step":[14],"up":[15],"efforts":[16,73],"at":[17,161],"enforcing":[18],"laws":[19,47],"prohibiting":[20],"dogfighting.":[21],"However,":[22],"because":[23,61],"of":[24,45,62,80,106,131,136,183,209],"biases":[25],"held":[26],"by":[27],"some":[28],"law":[29],"enforcement":[30,44,115],"personnel,":[31],"prosecutors":[32],"judges":[34],"as":[35,37,212,214],"well":[36,213],"burdensome":[38],"investigatory":[39],"costs":[40],"evidentiary":[42],"problems,":[43],"the":[46,87,93,104,181],"is":[48],"ineffective":[49],"in":[50],"many":[51],"cases.":[52],"This":[53],"article":[54,88],"discusses":[55],"these":[56],"issues":[57],"argues":[59],"that,":[60],"various":[63],"social":[64],"problems":[65,94],"that":[66,85,95],"are":[67],"tied":[68],"closely":[69],"dogfighting,":[71],"continued":[72],"must":[74],"be":[75],"made":[76],"make":[78],"prosecution":[79],"dogfighting":[81,184],"more":[82],"effective.":[83],"To":[84],"end,":[86],"makes":[89],"recommendations":[90],"address":[92],"hinder":[96],"enforcement.":[97],"Recommendations":[98],"include":[99],"several":[100],"statutory":[101],"changes":[102],"creation":[105],"local,":[107],"state,":[108],"federal":[110],"task":[111],"forces":[112],"improve":[114],"through":[116],"educational":[117],"efforts,":[118],"behavior":[119],"modification,":[120],"coordinated":[121],"investigation,":[122],"cost-sharing.":[124],"*":[125],"Presidential":[126],"Research":[127],"Professor":[128,130],"Law,":[132],"South":[133],"Texas":[134],"College":[135],"Law.":[137],"The":[138],"author":[139],"wishes":[140],"thank":[142],"Belinda":[143],"Smith,":[144],"Chief,":[145],"Animal":[146],"Cruelty":[147],"Section,":[148],"Harris":[149,162],"County":[150,163],"District":[151],"Attorney\u2019s":[152],"Office,":[153],"Dr.":[154],"Dawn":[155],"Blackmar,":[156],"Director,":[157,173],"Veterinary":[158],"Public":[159,164],"Health":[160,165],"&":[166],"Environmental":[167],"Services,":[168],"Sherry":[170],"Ferguson,":[171],"Executive":[172],"Houston":[174],"Humane":[175],"Society":[176],"for":[177,204,218],"providing":[178],"insight":[179],"into":[180],"world":[182],"animal":[186],"cruelty":[187],"response.":[188],"Thanks":[189],"also":[190],"Professors":[192],"Sandra":[193],"Carnahan,":[194],"Bill":[195],"Wilks,":[196],"Amy":[198],"Bures-Danna":[199],"attorney":[201],"Melanie":[202],"Renazco":[203],"comments":[205],"on":[206],"earlier":[207],"drafts":[208],"this":[210],"piece":[211],"Lindsay":[216],"Lutterbie":[217],"her":[219],"able":[220],"research":[221],"assistance.":[222]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
