{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1002545864","doi":null,"title":"Muscle Unloading Induced Sex Specific Neurophysiological and Myofiber Profile Adaptations","display_name":"Muscle Unloading Induced Sex Specific Neurophysiological and Myofiber Profile Adaptations","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1002545864","mag":"1002545864"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.wm.edu:honorstheses-1127","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses/126","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401254","display_name":"W&M Publish (College of William & Mary)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I16285277","host_organization_name":"William & Mary","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16285277"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Undergraduate Honors Theses","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses/126","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075524643","display_name":"Colleen M. Leathrum","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16285277","display_name":"William & Mary","ror":"https://ror.org/03hsf0573","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16285277"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Colleen M. Leathrum","raw_affiliation_strings":["college of william and mary"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"college of william and mary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16285277"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075524643"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16285277"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12005","display_name":"Spaceflight effects on biology","score":0.9502000212669373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12005","display_name":"Spaceflight effects on biology","score":0.9502000212669373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10441","display_name":"Muscle Physiology and Disorders","score":0.048700001090765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muscle-unloading","display_name":"muscle unloading","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hindlimb-unloading","display_name":"hindlimb unloading","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sex-differences","display_name":"sex differences","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuromuscular-fatigue","display_name":"neuromuscular fatigue","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soleus-muscle","display_name":"soleus muscle","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muscle-fiber-composition","display_name":"muscle fiber composition","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muscle-atrophy","display_name":"muscle atrophy","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuromuscular-blockade","display_name":"neuromuscular blockade","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muscular-endurance","display_name":"muscular endurance","score":0.31200000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rats","display_name":"rats","score":0.3370000123977661}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24998067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114622","display_name":"Stimulation","level":2,"score":0.6591187119483948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51738704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5766112","display_name":"Hindlimb","level":2,"score":0.5663349628448486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.5644185543060303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776263037","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1557686","display_name":"Muscle atrophy","level":3,"score":0.5559812784194946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163415756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126473","display_name":"Contraction (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.5371689200401306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776104385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1954164","display_name":"Soleus muscle","level":3,"score":0.5046874284744263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017897630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428914","display_name":"Muscle fibre","level":3,"score":0.503246009349823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776752467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133903","display_name":"Motor neuron","level":3,"score":0.4795922338962555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152478114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660910","display_name":"Neurophysiology","level":2,"score":0.4792494773864746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776874296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6940317","display_name":"Muscle fatigue","level":3,"score":0.4732680320739746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776050358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127006","display_name":"Muscle contraction","level":2,"score":0.45619067549705505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781172350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194520","display_name":"Atrophy","level":2,"score":0.42792075872421265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4199554920196533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777515770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q507369","display_name":"Electromyography","level":2,"score":0.3880994915962219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3856023848056793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779959927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048687","display_name":"Skeletal muscle","level":2,"score":0.37192225456237793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.30454620718955994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.2675957679748535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.21836921572685242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.wm.edu:honorstheses-1127","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses/126","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401254","display_name":"W&M Publish (College of William & Mary)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I16285277","host_organization_name":"William & Mary","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16285277"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Undergraduate Honors Theses","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:1002545864","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.wm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1127&context=honorstheses","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.wm.edu:honorstheses-1127","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses/126","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401254","display_name":"W&M Publish (College of William & Mary)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I16285277","host_organization_name":"William & Mary","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16285277"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Undergraduate Honors Theses","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.7246000170707703}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1498886216","https://openalex.org/W1552023984","https://openalex.org/W1569185166","https://openalex.org/W1787013540","https://openalex.org/W2003775702","https://openalex.org/W2019677605","https://openalex.org/W2030605963","https://openalex.org/W2031646188","https://openalex.org/W2043456716","https://openalex.org/W2045794951","https://openalex.org/W2053745292","https://openalex.org/W2054937788","https://openalex.org/W2067444412","https://openalex.org/W2074094471","https://openalex.org/W2076652847","https://openalex.org/W2078888448","https://openalex.org/W2088927533","https://openalex.org/W2089111243","https://openalex.org/W2089332600","https://openalex.org/W2091125809","https://openalex.org/W2092262413","https://openalex.org/W2110802982","https://openalex.org/W2116160100","https://openalex.org/W2130140191","https://openalex.org/W2140513290","https://openalex.org/W2142144312","https://openalex.org/W2144293442","https://openalex.org/W2152535965","https://openalex.org/W2167370558","https://openalex.org/W2227857135","https://openalex.org/W2405016334"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2739607086","https://openalex.org/W2243359015","https://openalex.org/W7018627454","https://openalex.org/W2333780003","https://openalex.org/W2074094471","https://openalex.org/W2007284640","https://openalex.org/W1964971919","https://openalex.org/W2411752587","https://openalex.org/W2142144312","https://openalex.org/W1982317815"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Muscle":[0],"unloading":[1,70,263],"affects":[2,13],"a":[3,8,75,127,147,169],"muscle\u2019s":[4,15],"ability":[5,244],"to":[6,23,35,74,84,95,134,239,245],"produce":[7],"contractile":[9],"force":[10,123,128],"and":[11,29,31,88,100,121,138,226,249],"it":[12,176,267],"the":[14,25,53,97,164,173,181,185,188,195,200,204,211,218,233,242,247,255],"endurance.":[16],"The":[17,69,142],"objective":[18],"of":[19,41],"this":[20],"project":[21],"was":[22,93,111,124,132,154,190,214,261,268],"investigate":[24],"differences":[26,225],"between":[27],"males":[28,186],"females":[30,182,250],"their":[32],"neurophysiological":[33],"adaptations":[34],"hindlimb":[36,76,256],"suspension,":[37],"an":[38],"effective":[39],"model":[40],"muscle":[42,109,152,174,189,234],"unloading.":[43,68],"Thirty":[44],"nine":[45],"young":[46],"adult":[47],"Wistar":[48],"rats":[49],"were":[50,72,81],"divided":[51],"into":[52],"following":[54],"four":[55],"groups:":[56],"1)":[57],"male":[58,64],"control,":[59,62],"2)":[60],"female":[61,67],"3)":[63],"unloading,":[65],"4)":[66],"groups":[71],"subjected":[73],"suspension":[77,179,257],"model.":[78],"Soleus":[79],"muscles":[80],"surgically":[82],"removed":[83],"quantify":[85,96],"neuromuscular":[86,201],"function,":[87],"fluorescent":[89],"fiber":[90,101,228],"type":[91,102,136,139,229],"staining":[92,131],"performed":[94],"cross-sectional":[98],"area":[99],"composition.":[103],"By":[104],"using":[105],"different":[106],"stimulation":[107,150,158],"protocols,":[108],"contraction":[110],"induced":[112,264],"either":[113],"directly":[114,192],"or":[115,193],"indirectly":[116],"(via":[117],"motor":[118,165],"nerve":[119],"terminals)":[120],"muscular":[122],"quantified":[125],"by":[126,194,254],"transducer.":[129],"Flourescent":[130],"used":[133],"image":[135],"I":[137],"II":[140],"fibers.":[141],"results":[143],"showed":[144],"that":[145,163],"over":[146,203],"5":[148],"minute":[149,206],"protocol,":[151],"fatigue":[153,207,235,240],"greater":[155],"during":[156],"indirect":[157],"than":[159,172,184,258],"direct":[160],"stimulation,":[161],"indicating":[162],"neuron":[166],"fatigues":[167],"at":[168],"faster":[170],"rate":[171],"fibers":[175],"innervates.":[177],"Hindlimb":[178],"affected":[180,253],"more":[183,252],"whether":[187],"stimulated":[191],"nerve.":[196],"Unloading":[197],"significantly":[198],"increased":[199],"block":[202],"five":[205],"train":[208],"only":[209],"in":[210,217,241],"females.":[212],"There":[213,260],"significant":[215,224],"atrophy":[216,265],"unloaded":[219],"groups,":[220],"but":[221,266],"no":[222,227],"sex-specific":[223],"transitions.":[230],"In":[231],"summary,":[232],"is":[236],"likely":[237],"due":[238],"neuron\u2019s":[243],"stimulate":[246],"muscle,":[248],"are":[251],"males.":[259],"also":[262],"not":[269],"sex":[270],"specific.":[271]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
