{"id":"https://openalex.org/W100052691","doi":null,"title":"Brain circuits determine destiny in depression: a novel approach to the psychopharmacology of wakefulness, fatigue, and executive dysfunction in major depressive disorder.","display_name":"Brain circuits determine destiny in depression: a novel approach to the psychopharmacology of wakefulness, fatigue, and executive dysfunction in major depressive disorder.","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W100052691","mag":"100052691","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14658930"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:14658930","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14658930","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of clinical psychiatry","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015501263","display_name":"Stephen M. Stahl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6536-6973","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6536-6973"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146149","display_name":"Neuroscience Education Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/058c0g260","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210146149"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen M Stahl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neuroscience Education Institute, Carlsbad, CA 92009, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neuroscience Education Institute, Carlsbad, CA 92009, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102851306","display_name":"Lishu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1742-1456","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1742-1456"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lishu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081885834","display_name":"Cristina Damatarca","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cristina Damatarca","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109552276","display_name":"Meghan M. Grady","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meghan Grady","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.1381,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":202,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97581723,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":92,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"64 Suppl 14","issue":null,"first_page":"6","last_page":"17"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11071","display_name":"Treatment of Major Depression","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11071","display_name":"Treatment of Major Depression","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10056","display_name":"Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10042","display_name":"Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/major-depressive-disorder","display_name":"major depressive disorder","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual-depressive-symptoms","display_name":"residual depressive symptoms","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wakefulness","display_name":"wakefulness","score":0.593999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fatigue","display_name":"fatigue","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/executive-dysfunction","display_name":"executive dysfunction","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleepiness","display_name":"sleepiness","score":0.6700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antidepressant-augmentation","display_name":"antidepressant augmentation","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-circuits","display_name":"brain circuits","score":0.7080000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bupropion","display_name":"bupropion","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atomoxetine","display_name":"atomoxetine","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modafinil","display_name":"modafinil","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atypical-antipsychotics","display_name":"atypical antipsychotics","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stimulants","display_name":"stimulants","score":0.9810000061988831}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780714222","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410441","display_name":"Modafinil","level":2,"score":0.647742748260498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780051608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42844","display_name":"Major depressive disorder","level":3,"score":0.6175083518028259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779908668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q834280","display_name":"Bupropion","level":3,"score":0.5651471018791199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5562289357185364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.509294867515564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779985164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5419936","display_name":"Executive dysfunction","level":4,"score":0.4696003198623657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103709681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1515727","display_name":"Psychopharmacology","level":2,"score":0.45618927478790283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778781522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q417240","display_name":"Atomoxetine","level":4,"score":0.4524574875831604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776867660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1814941","display_name":"Depression (economics)","level":2,"score":0.4487619400024414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.41859036684036255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3329372704029083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14216870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3872","display_name":"Neuropsychology","level":3,"score":0.23550307750701904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780783007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181923","display_name":"Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder","level":2,"score":0.22591304779052734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.1601419448852539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777112843","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422112","display_name":"Methylphenidate","level":3,"score":0.11532130837440491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777843972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2462253","display_name":"Smoking cessation","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000928","descriptor_name":"Antidepressive Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003072","descriptor_name":"Cognition Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003072","descriptor_name":"Cognition Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003865","descriptor_name":"Major Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003865","descriptor_name":"Major Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003865","descriptor_name":"Major Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003865","descriptor_name":"Major Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005221","descriptor_name":"Fatigue","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005221","descriptor_name":"Fatigue","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008606","descriptor_name":"Mental Processes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012893","descriptor_name":"Sleep Wake Disorders","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018377","descriptor_name":"Neurotransmitter Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:14658930","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14658930","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of clinical psychiatry","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:100052691","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14658930","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9763000011444092}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":179,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W26194188","https://openalex.org/W52306525","https://openalex.org/W66447799","https://openalex.org/W75017683","https://openalex.org/W78856436","https://openalex.org/W83181217","https://openalex.org/W91149857","https://openalex.org/W93094211","https://openalex.org/W160287770","https://openalex.org/W160867343","https://openalex.org/W180447486","https://openalex.org/W207611744","https://openalex.org/W279897541","https://openalex.org/W1426111284","https://openalex.org/W1453310823","https://openalex.org/W1493305388","https://openalex.org/W1515432410","https://openalex.org/W1522335173","https://openalex.org/W1538619854","https://openalex.org/W1556310967","https://openalex.org/W1606001131","https://openalex.org/W1679481086","https://openalex.org/W1698710880","https://openalex.org/W1730751745","https://openalex.org/W1749069295","https://openalex.org/W1852037999","https://openalex.org/W1950553701","https://openalex.org/W1961097431","https://openalex.org/W1963775706","https://openalex.org/W1965095361","https://openalex.org/W1966647036","https://openalex.org/W1967655169","https://openalex.org/W1967995165","https://openalex.org/W1969661654","https://openalex.org/W1969852349","https://openalex.org/W1971635815","https://openalex.org/W1973865770","https://openalex.org/W1974602083","https://openalex.org/W1976348067","https://openalex.org/W1976660789","https://openalex.org/W1978965219","https://openalex.org/W1980789028","https://openalex.org/W1982093125","https://openalex.org/W1982954842","https://openalex.org/W1985471830","https://openalex.org/W1988245026","https://openalex.org/W1989058805","https://openalex.org/W1989364623","https://openalex.org/W1990739204","https://openalex.org/W1991824476","https://openalex.org/W1993526288","https://openalex.org/W1995564880","https://openalex.org/W1997679949","https://openalex.org/W1998258370","https://openalex.org/W2001108200","https://openalex.org/W2001910860","https://openalex.org/W2002611894","https://openalex.org/W2003708984","https://openalex.org/W2005066505","https://openalex.org/W2005101303","https://openalex.org/W2007702485","https://openalex.org/W2008740034","https://openalex.org/W2008929007","https://openalex.org/W2009052099","https://openalex.org/W2011597937","https://openalex.org/W2013657375","https://openalex.org/W2014296699","https://openalex.org/W2022094176","https://openalex.org/W2022628868","https://openalex.org/W2025721798","https://openalex.org/W2026230481","https://openalex.org/W2027721376","https://openalex.org/W2028287654","https://openalex.org/W2028335215","https://openalex.org/W2028418962","https://openalex.org/W2028686522","https://openalex.org/W2030318246","https://openalex.org/W2034683974","https://openalex.org/W2035985026","https://openalex.org/W2036861336","https://openalex.org/W2037385054","https://openalex.org/W2037457456","https://openalex.org/W2039628081","https://openalex.org/W2041809308","https://openalex.org/W2041924199","https://openalex.org/W2042122110","https://openalex.org/W2043334105","https://openalex.org/W2045035456","https://openalex.org/W2046793183","https://openalex.org/W2047261130","https://openalex.org/W2048998557","https://openalex.org/W2049461503","https://openalex.org/W2049938499","https://openalex.org/W2051015962","https://openalex.org/W2052626672","https://openalex.org/W2054088581","https://openalex.org/W2054231808","https://openalex.org/W2054870127","https://openalex.org/W2055854075","https://openalex.org/W2056454671","https://openalex.org/W2057352698","https://openalex.org/W2057540457","https://openalex.org/W2057760214","https://openalex.org/W2062700118","https://openalex.org/W2064880765","https://openalex.org/W2068175655","https://openalex.org/W2068614245","https://openalex.org/W2068920752","https://openalex.org/W2068949066","https://openalex.org/W2069314410","https://openalex.org/W2069882113","https://openalex.org/W2071732096","https://openalex.org/W2072219714","https://openalex.org/W2075596256","https://openalex.org/W2078909485","https://openalex.org/W2084000967","https://openalex.org/W2085769789","https://openalex.org/W2087111794","https://openalex.org/W2087754468","https://openalex.org/W2088083180","https://openalex.org/W2088302707","https://openalex.org/W2088367343","https://openalex.org/W2090931660","https://openalex.org/W2091308025","https://openalex.org/W2091627651","https://openalex.org/W2094144421","https://openalex.org/W2094188000","https://openalex.org/W2094605937","https://openalex.org/W2097799026","https://openalex.org/W2098017886","https://openalex.org/W2098743205","https://openalex.org/W2099564543","https://openalex.org/W2102290181","https://openalex.org/W2102406510","https://openalex.org/W2104176708","https://openalex.org/W2108009185","https://openalex.org/W2108655964","https://openalex.org/W2109105506","https://openalex.org/W2111304405","https://openalex.org/W2114022439","https://openalex.org/W2114242035","https://openalex.org/W2116773974","https://openalex.org/W2120543763","https://openalex.org/W2121075052","https://openalex.org/W2121533317","https://openalex.org/W2122595758","https://openalex.org/W2124613380","https://openalex.org/W2125917054","https://openalex.org/W2126571030","https://openalex.org/W2127017530","https://openalex.org/W2127082049","https://openalex.org/W2128103058","https://openalex.org/W2129928127","https://openalex.org/W2130196047","https://openalex.org/W2134839080","https://openalex.org/W2135425431","https://openalex.org/W2143989846","https://openalex.org/W2144538553","https://openalex.org/W2147109950","https://openalex.org/W2147351252","https://openalex.org/W2148324011","https://openalex.org/W2149374445","https://openalex.org/W2152529226","https://openalex.org/W2162931666","https://openalex.org/W2162966898","https://openalex.org/W2163507147","https://openalex.org/W2164815569","https://openalex.org/W2195753060","https://openalex.org/W2312189038","https://openalex.org/W2317817626","https://openalex.org/W2318381963","https://openalex.org/W2322794869","https://openalex.org/W2412105083","https://openalex.org/W2416971445","https://openalex.org/W2418274017","https://openalex.org/W2418894404","https://openalex.org/W2482776445","https://openalex.org/W2773930985","https://openalex.org/W2994532047"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2023180807","https://openalex.org/W2062684328","https://openalex.org/W1764262054","https://openalex.org/W2911916030","https://openalex.org/W2556521707","https://openalex.org/W2752781070","https://openalex.org/W2783940173","https://openalex.org/W2002765069","https://openalex.org/W2012764243","https://openalex.org/W2382426880"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"advances":[1],"in":[2,12,25,79,106],"neuropharmacology":[3],"and":[4,121,133],"neuroimaging":[5],"are":[6,74],"mapping":[7],"the":[8,35,46,107,114],"topography":[9],"of":[10,102,118],"symptoms":[11,24,60,95,117],"major":[13],"depressive":[14],"disorder":[15],"(MDD).":[16],"Different":[17],"malfunctioning":[18,48,109],"neuronal":[19],"circuits":[20,73],"apparently":[21],"mediate":[22],"different":[23],"MDD.":[26],"Since":[27],"all":[28,44,72],"patients":[29,53,90],"with":[30,55,99,127],"MDD":[31,52],"do":[32],"not":[33,43,71],"have":[34,45],"same":[36,47],"symptoms,":[37],"this":[38,68,112],"implies":[39,69],"that":[40,61,70],"they":[41],"may":[42],"circuits.":[49,110],"Furthermore,":[50],"since":[51],"treated":[54],"antidepressants":[56,98],"commonly":[57],"experience":[58],"residual":[59,94,116],"prevent":[62],"them":[63],"from":[64],"attaining":[65],"complete":[66],"remission,":[67],"successfully":[75],"targeted":[76,126],"by":[77,96],"treatment":[78,86],"such":[80,89],"patients.":[81],"A":[82],"new":[83],"neurobiologically":[84],"informed":[85],"strategy":[87],"for":[88,92],"calls":[91],"targeting":[93],"augmenting":[97],"agents":[100],"capable":[101],"boosting":[103],"specific":[104],"neurotransmitters":[105],"hypothetically":[108],"With":[111],"approach,":[113],"frequently":[115],"sleepiness,":[119],"fatigue,":[120],"executive":[122],"dysfunction":[123],"can":[124],"be":[125],"bupropion,":[128],"atomoxetine,":[129],"modafinil,":[130],"atypical":[131],"antipsychotics,":[132],"stimulants.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}