{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12427","display_name":"Metal Alloys Wear and Properties","description":"This cluster of papers explores the effects of cryogenic treatment on the microstructure, wear resistance, and mechanical properties of various materials, including tool steels and high chromium cast iron. The research focuses on understanding the influence of cryogenic treatment on carbide formation, abrasive wear behavior, and the enhancement of material properties.","keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tool-steel","display_name":"tool steel","score":0.3172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-speed-steel","display_name":"high-speed steel","score":0.3106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardfacing","display_name":"hardfacing","score":0.4253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-chromium-cast-iron","display_name":"high-chromium cast iron","score":0.7181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abrasive-wear-resistance","display_name":"abrasive wear resistance","score":0.4601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hot-work-tool-steel","display_name":"hot work tool steel","score":0.4003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white-cast-iron","display_name":"white cast iron","score":0.457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/m7c3-carbides","display_name":"M7C3 carbides","score":0.3655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryogenic-treatment","display_name":"cryogenic treatment","score":0.2309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbide-morphology","display_name":"carbide morphology","score":0.3324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wear-resistant-materials","display_name":"wear-resistant materials","score":0.3176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eutectic-carbides","display_name":"eutectic carbides","score":0.5205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wear-resistant-steel","display_name":"wear-resistant steel","score":0.5083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/die-steel","display_name":"die steel","score":0.3108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cold-work-tool-steel","display_name":"cold work tool steel","score":0.4362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/die-wear","display_name":"die wear","score":0.2556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-cryogenic-treatment","display_name":"deep cryogenic treatment","score":0.325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphite-morphology","display_name":"graphite morphology","score":0.2271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/roll-wear","display_name":"roll wear","score":0.2391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/m2-high-speed-steel","display_name":"M2 high-speed steel","score":0.2362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbide-distribution","display_name":"carbide distribution","score":0.3225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wear-resistant-cast-iron","display_name":"wear-resistant cast iron","score":0.7953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/three-body-abrasive-wear","display_name":"three-body abrasion","score":0.2553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secondary-hardening","display_name":"secondary hardening","score":0.2735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rolling-mill-rolls","display_name":"rolling mill rolls","score":0.2039}],"legacy_keywords":"Cryogenic Treatment; Microstructure; Wear Resistance; Tool Steels; High Chromium Cast Iron; Mechanical Properties; Carbides; Hardfacing Alloys; Abrasive Wear; High Speed Steel","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/T12427","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryogenic_hardening"},"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"},"siblings":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10074","display_name":"Carbon Nanotubes in Composites"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10079","display_name":"Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10083","display_name":"Graphene research and applications"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10090","display_name":"ZnO doping and properties"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10097","display_name":"Luminescence Properties of Advanced Materials"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10107","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10192","display_name":"Catalytic Processes in Materials Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10204","display_name":"Microstructure and mechanical properties"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10275","display_name":"2D Materials and Applications"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10310","display_name":"Corrosion Behavior and Inhibition"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10311","display_name":"Advancements in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10321","display_name":"Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10440","display_name":"Advanced Thermoelectric Materials and Devices"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10474","display_name":"Material Dynamics and Properties"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10478","display_name":"Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10511","display_name":"High 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Materials"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11242","display_name":"Nuclear Materials and Properties"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11277","display_name":"Thermal properties of materials"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11279","display_name":"Lanthanide and Transition Metal Complexes"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11286","display_name":"Polyoxometalates: Synthesis and Applications"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11315","display_name":"Phase-change materials and chalcogenides"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11341","display_name":"Boron and Carbon Nanomaterials Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11342","display_name":"Carbon and Quantum Dots Applications"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11442","display_name":"Titanium Alloys Microstructure and Properties"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11471","display_name":"Block Copolymer Self-Assembly"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11646","display_name":"Nonlocal and gradient elasticity in micro/nano structures"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11699","display_name":"High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11708","display_name":"Photochromic and Fluorescence Chemistry"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11842","display_name":"Ultrasound and Cavitation Phenomena"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11878","display_name":"Solid-state spectroscopy and crystallography"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11881","display_name":"Crystallization and Solubility Studies"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11887","display_name":"Quasicrystal Structures and Properties"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11907","display_name":"Copper-based nanomaterials and applications"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11915","display_name":"Pickering emulsions and particle stabilization"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11940","display_name":"Layered Double Hydroxides Synthesis and Applications"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11948","display_name":"Machine Learning in Materials 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Crystallography"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12875","display_name":"Thermal Expansion and Ionic Conductivity"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12938","display_name":"Material Selection and Properties"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13039","display_name":"Magnesium Oxide Properties and Applications"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13104","display_name":"Chemical and Physical Properties of Materials"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13159","display_name":"Structural mechanics and materials"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13249","display_name":"Dielectric properties of ceramics"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13463","display_name":"Nanoporous metals and alloys"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13465","display_name":"Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13889","display_name":"Advanced Materials and Semiconductor Technologies"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14076","display_name":"Material Properties and Failure Mechanisms"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14184","display_name":"Metallurgy and Material Science"}],"works_count":47402,"cited_by_count":217921,"works_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=topics.id:T12427","updated_date":"2026-10-20T03:01:21","created_date":"2024-01-23T15:27:14"}