{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12281","display_name":"Animal testing and alternatives","description":"This cluster of papers focuses on improving the reporting and conduct of animal research studies, with an emphasis on the use of ARRIVE guidelines, cytotoxicity assays, ethical considerations, systematic reviews, in vitro testing methods, and addressing publication bias. It also discusses the challenges in translating findings from animal studies to human applications and the determination of sample sizes for preclinical studies.","keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/animal-experimentation","display_name":"animal experimentation","score":0.3445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alternatives-to-animal-testing","display_name":"alternatives to animal testing","score":0.5134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/animal-research-ethics","display_name":"animal research ethics","score":0.6225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laboratory-animals","display_name":"laboratory animals","score":0.2154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3rs","display_name":"3Rs","score":0.3454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/animal-research-regulation","display_name":"animal research regulation","score":0.7369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-vitro-toxicity-testing","display_name":"in vitro toxicity testing","score":0.2781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction-of-animal-use","display_name":"animal use reduction","score":0.5118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laboratory-animal-welfare","display_name":"laboratory animal welfare","score":0.4279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/institutional-animal-care-and-use-committee","display_name":"Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee","score":0.7413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regulatory-toxicology","display_name":"regulatory toxicology","score":0.2712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vivisection","display_name":"vivisection","score":0.3282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laboratory-animal-care","display_name":"laboratory animal care","score":0.5616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/new-approach-methodologies","display_name":"new approach methodologies","score":0.3384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laboratory-animal-science","display_name":"laboratory animal science","score":0.601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alternative-approaches","display_name":"alternative methods","score":0.2262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction-of-animal-testing","display_name":"animal testing reduction","score":0.4011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alternative-test-methods","display_name":"alternative test methods","score":0.3586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alternative-toxicity-testing","display_name":"alternative toxicity testing","score":0.426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/safety-pharmacology","display_name":"safety pharmacology","score":0.2846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laboratory-animal-facilities","display_name":"laboratory animal facilities","score":0.3585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regulatory-acceptance","display_name":"regulatory acceptance","score":0.2356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-vitro-methods","display_name":"in vitro methods","score":0.3469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laboratory-animal-management","display_name":"laboratory animal management","score":0.5503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecvam","display_name":"ECVAM","score":0.7955}],"legacy_keywords":"ARRIVE Guidelines; Animal Research Reporting; Cytotoxicity Assays; Preclinical Studies; Translation to Humans; Ethical Considerations; Systematic Reviews; In Vitro Testing; Publication Bias; Sample Size Determination","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/T12281","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_testing"},"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3404","display_name":"Small Animals"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/34","display_name":"Veterinary"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"},"siblings":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10838","display_name":"Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11074","display_name":"Helminth infection and control"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11580","display_name":"Veterinary Medicine and Surgery"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11899","display_name":"Brucella: diagnosis, epidemiology, treatment"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11905","display_name":"Veterinary Pharmacology and Anesthesia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12249","display_name":"Veterinary Orthopedics and Neurology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12322","display_name":"Animal health and immunology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13385","display_name":"Infectious Diseases and Mycology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13791","display_name":"Veterinary medicine and infectious diseases"}],"works_count":52282,"cited_by_count":723626,"works_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=topics.id:T12281","updated_date":"2026-10-21T03:01:35","created_date":"2024-01-23T15:27:13"}
