{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11274","display_name":"Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders","description":"This cluster of papers focuses on the use of Botulinum Toxin in neurology and medicine, particularly in the treatment of spasticity, stroke-related complications, pain management, and neurological disorders. It covers topics such as the mechanism of action, protein receptors, toxicology, and the clinical application of Botulinum Toxin.","keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/botulinum-toxin","display_name":"botulinum toxin","score":0.4946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/botulinum-toxin-type-a","display_name":"botulinum toxin type A","score":0.4756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spasticity","display_name":"spasticity","score":0.2684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clostridium-botulinum","display_name":"Clostridium botulinum","score":0.5697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/botulism","display_name":"botulism","score":0.6783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cervical-dystonia","display_name":"cervical dystonia","score":0.3701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spasticity-management","display_name":"spasticity management","score":0.6205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blepharospasm","display_name":"blepharospasm","score":0.4965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/onabotulinumtoxina","display_name":"onabotulinumtoxinA","score":0.268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrathecal-baclofen","display_name":"intrathecal baclofen","score":0.5876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foodborne-botulism","display_name":"foodborne botulism","score":0.9148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hemifacial-spasm","display_name":"hemifacial spasm","score":0.2375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/botulinum-toxin-therapy","display_name":"botulinum toxin therapy","score":0.5822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-stroke-spasticity","display_name":"post-stroke spasticity","score":0.6207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/botulinum-toxin-type-b","display_name":"botulinum toxin type B","score":0.7608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-limb-spasticity","display_name":"upper limb spasticity","score":0.6258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tetanus-toxin","display_name":"tetanus toxin","score":0.2068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/botulinum-neurotoxin-a","display_name":"botulinum neurotoxin A","score":0.7014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infant-botulism","display_name":"infant botulism","score":0.8262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modified-ashworth-scale","display_name":"Modified Ashworth Scale","score":0.3545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focal-dystonia","display_name":"focal dystonia","score":0.2544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abobotulinumtoxina","display_name":"abobotulinumtoxinA","score":0.6777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lower-limb-spasticity","display_name":"lower limb spasticity","score":0.5114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incobotulinumtoxina","display_name":"incobotulinumtoxinA","score":0.7405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dysport","display_name":"Dysport","score":0.6336}],"legacy_keywords":"Botulinum Toxin; Neurotoxins; Spasticity; Stroke; Neurological Disorders; Pain Management; Muscle Mechanics; Protein Receptor; Toxicology; Treatment","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/T11274","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botulinum_toxin"},"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"},"siblings":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10085","display_name":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10420","display_name":"Intracranial Aneurysms: Treatment and Complications"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10706","display_name":"Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10855","display_name":"Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10919","display_name":"Neurological disorders and treatments"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11173","display_name":"Neurofibromatosis and Schwannoma Cases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11271","display_name":"Myasthenia Gravis and Thymoma"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11368","display_name":"Long-Term Effects of COVID-19"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11402","display_name":"Vascular Malformations Diagnosis and Treatment"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11627","display_name":"Autoimmune Neurological Disorders and Treatments"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11735","display_name":"Peripheral Neuropathies and Disorders"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11763","display_name":"Intracerebral and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11929","display_name":"Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12212","display_name":"CNS Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12226","display_name":"Neuroblastoma Research and Treatments"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12301","display_name":"Facial Nerve Paralysis Treatment and Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12494","display_name":"Alcoholism and Thiamine Deficiency"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12622","display_name":"Neurosurgical Procedures and Complications"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13648","display_name":"Cerebrovascular and genetic disorders"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13735","display_name":"History of Medical Practice"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14286","display_name":"Parkinson's Disease and Spinal Disorders"}],"works_count":44271,"cited_by_count":566646,"works_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=topics.id:T11274","updated_date":"2026-10-15T03:01:42","created_date":"2024-01-23T15:27:10"}