{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product-modularization","display_name":"product modularization","description":"Product modularization is the process of organizing a product\u2019s design into distinct modules with defined interfaces, supporting coordinated development and production.","display_name_alternatives":["product modularisation","modularization of products","modularisation of products"],"ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product-modularization","wikidata":null},"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11729","display_name":"Product Development and Customization","score":0.8301,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11729","display_name":"Product Development and Customization","score":0.8301,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"works_count":417,"cited_by_count":2871,"works_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=keywords.id:keywords/product-modularization","updated_date":"2026-10-18T04:06:28","created_date":"2026-09-30T00:00:00"}