{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/papermaking","display_name":"papermaking","description":"Papermaking is the industrial or craft process of producing paper from fibrous materials, studied in materials science and manufacturing.","display_name_alternatives":["paper making","paper manufacture","paper manufacturing","paper production","paper production process","papermaking process"],"ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/keywords/papermaking","wikidata":null},"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12971","display_name":"Material Properties and Processing","score":0.2665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12971","display_name":"Material Properties and Processing","score":0.2665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14386","display_name":"Libraries, Manuscripts, and Books","score":0.0863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"works_count":23503,"cited_by_count":70957,"works_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=keywords.id:keywords/papermaking","updated_date":"2026-10-21T04:06:17","created_date":"2022-04-12T19:38:12"}