{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/element-spacing","display_name":"element spacing","description":"Element spacing is the distance between neighboring components in an array, particularly antenna elements, and affects the array\u2019s electromagnetic performance.","display_name_alternatives":["interelement spacing","inter-element spacing","array element spacing","spacing between elements","array spacing","antenna element spacing"],"ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/keywords/element-spacing","wikidata":null},"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.2397,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.2397,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.2395,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.1443,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"works_count":2457,"cited_by_count":25680,"works_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=keywords.id:keywords/element-spacing","updated_date":"2026-10-22T04:07:25","created_date":"2026-09-30T00:00:00"}