{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint-programming","display_name":"constraint programming","description":"A computational problem-solving paradigm that represents relationships among variables as constraints and searches for assignments satisfying them.","display_name_alternatives":["constraint-based programming","CP"],"ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint-programming","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q528588"},"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11596","display_name":"Constraint Satisfaction and Optimization","score":0.3899,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11596","display_name":"Constraint Satisfaction and Optimization","score":0.3899,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10551","display_name":"Scheduling and Optimization Algorithms","score":0.0701,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"works_count":12035,"cited_by_count":111260,"works_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=keywords.id:keywords/constraint-programming","updated_date":"2026-10-16T04:06:51","created_date":"2022-04-12T19:38:12"}