{"id":"https://openalex.org/G621499720","display_name":"Crystal Structures of Limulus Hemocyanin","description":"The long term aim of this project is to determine at atomic                     resolution the three dimensional structures of various forms                    of hemocyanin, an oxygen transport protein found in                             invertebrates, with the intent of understanding the intricacies                 of oxygen binding by these copper-containing proteins.  The                     specific objectives are: (1) the determination of the crystal                   structure of the oxygenated and deoxygenated forms of subunit II                of Limulus polyphemus hemocyanin; (2) Comparison of the oxy and                 deoxy structures, based on data from a single crystal if necessary,             for the elucidation of the active site geometry, including the                  orientation of the molecular oxygen with respect to the two                     copper centers and protein ligands; and (3) The crystallization                 of other interesting hemocyanins, such as subunit IIIa, another                 subunit of Limulus hemocyanin with an active site chemistry                     much more like a typical molluscan than arthropodan hemocyanin,                 the whole molecules of Limulus hemocyanin and hybrid and                        cooperative Limulus hexamers in forms suitable for x-ray                        diffraction analysis.","funder_award_id":"9004561","funder":{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","doi":"10.13039/100000001"},"funded_outputs":["https://openalex.org/W2017305448"],"funded_outputs_count":1,"parent_awards":[],"sub_awards":[],"sub_awards_count":0,"amount":272000.0,"currency":"USD","amount_usd":272000.0,"amount_usd_basis":"usd_native","recipients":[],"recipient_countries":[],"recipient_regions":[],"research_scope":{"is_research":true,"basis":"funder_default","tier":1},"funding_type":"grant","funder_scheme":"Continuing Grant","start_date":"1990-09-01","end_date":"1993-08-31","start_year":1990,"end_year":1993,"landing_page_url":"https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9004561","doi":null,"provenance":"nsf_award_search","lead_investigator":{"given_name":"Karen","family_name":"Magnus","orcid":null,"role_start":null,"affiliation":{"name":"Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine","country":"","ids":null}},"co_lead_investigator":null,"investigators":null,"works_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=awards.id:G621499720","primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11403","display_name":"Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms","score":0.9164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11403","display_name":"Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms","score":0.9164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"institution_awarded":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University","ror":"https://ror.org/051fd9666","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T03:01:01.000Z","created_date":"2026-07-13T04:41:43.000Z"}