{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2906880608","display_name":"Spectacle Prescribing in Early Childhood (SPEC)","description":"PROJECT NARRATIVE The American Academy of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (AAPOS) recommends screening for detection of refractive errors in toddlers 12-30 months of age, despite absence of evidence-based guidelines for prescribing spectacles to infants and toddlers. The SPEC Trial is a prospective clinical trial that will determine the developmental and visual benefits of spectacle correction of astigmatism in toddlers, and assess factors associated with spectacle treatment compliance (measured using a wearable device) in this age group. The results will provide urgently needed data on which to base spectacle prescribing recommendations for toddlers.","funder_award_id":"UG1EY029657","funder":{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337350","display_name":"National Eye Institute","doi":"https://doi.org/10.13039/100000053"},"funded_outputs":["https://openalex.org/W3046596833","https://openalex.org/W3195020426","https://openalex.org/W4396234428","https://openalex.org/W4414412065","https://openalex.org/W4414712367"],"funded_outputs_count":5,"parent_awards":[],"sub_awards":[{"relationship":"sub_award","funder":{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310160","display_name":"University of Arizona"},"id":"https://openalex.org/G9001209808","display_name":"Spectacle Prescribing in Early Childhood (SPEC) (sub-award to EL RIO SANTA CRUZ NEIGHBORHOOD HEALTH CE)","asserted_by":"funder"}],"sub_awards_count":1,"amount":null,"currency":"USD","amount_usd":null,"amount_usd_basis":null,"recipients":[],"recipient_countries":[],"recipient_regions":[],"research_scope":{"is_research":true,"basis":"funder_default","tier":1},"funding_type":"cooperative_agreement","funder_scheme":"UG1","start_date":"2019-06-01","end_date":"2026-05-31","start_year":2019,"end_year":2026,"landing_page_url":"https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9633822","doi":null,"provenance":"nih_exporter","lead_investigator":{"given_name":"JOHN DANIEL","family_name":"TWELKER","orcid":null,"role_start":null,"affiliation":{"name":"UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA","country":"UNITED STATES","ids":null},"author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109006931","display_name":"J. Daniel Twelker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7942-4030"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]},"co_lead_investigator":null,"investigators":null,"works_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=awards.id:G2906880608","primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10381","display_name":"Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10381","display_name":"Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12006","display_name":"Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Disorders","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3307","display_name":"Human Factors and Ergonomics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12989","display_name":"Ocular Disorders and Treatments","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astigmatism","display_name":"astigmatism","score":0.772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toddlers","display_name":"toddlers","score":0.952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/refractive-error-screening","display_name":"refractive error screening","score":0.745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectacle-compliance","display_name":"spectacle compliance","score":0.713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-development","display_name":"visual development","score":0.802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pediatric-ophthalmology","display_name":"pediatric ophthalmology","score":0.605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectacle-correction","display_name":"spectacle correction","score":0.41}],"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8372}],"institution_awarded":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T03:01:57.000Z","created_date":"2026-10-09T19:56:01.000Z"}