{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024664366","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7053-1358","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7053-1358"],"display_name":"C. M. Greenfield","raw_author_names":["C Greenfield","C M Greenfield","C. Greenfield","C. M. Greenfield","C.M Greenfield","C.M. GREENFIELD","C.M. Greenfield","Charles Greenfield","Greenfield, C. M.","Greenfield, Charles"],"full_name":"Charles Greenfield","works_count":283,"cited_by_count":6188,"summary_stats":{"2yr_mean_citedness":5.8,"h_index":48,"i10_index":105},"ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/A5024664366","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7053-1358","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7053-1358"]},"affiliations":[{"institution":{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117197279","ror":"https://ror.org/05nf86y53","display_name":"Japan Atomic Energy Agency","country_code":"JP","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117197279"]},"years":[2000]},{"institution":{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282311441","ror":"https://ror.org/041nk4h53","display_name":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210138311"]},"years":[2004]},{"institution":{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289243028","ror":"https://ror.org/01qz5mb56","display_name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210159294"]},"years":[2025,2024]},{"institution":{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},"years":[2005,2004,1998,1992]},{"institution":{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186143895","ror":"https://ror.org/012afjb06","display_name":"Lehigh University","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]},"years":[2005,2000,1999]},{"institution":{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20089843","ror":"https://ror.org/00hx57361","display_name":"Princeton University","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]},"years":[2004]},{"institution":{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","display_name":"University of Washington","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},"years":[1990]},{"institution":{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799567181","ror":"https://ror.org/03vn1ts68","display_name":"Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I20089843","https://openalex.org/I2799567181","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]},"years":[2004]},{"institution":{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800620090","ror":"https://ror.org/0019h1k84","display_name":"Joint European Torus","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800620090","https://openalex.org/I2800863004","https://openalex.org/I2802373619","https://openalex.org/I4405259123","https://openalex.org/I47367911"]},"years":[1998,1994,1993]},{"institution":{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800863004","ror":"https://ror.org/05nmyph15","display_name":"Culham Centre for Fusion Energy","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800863004","https://openalex.org/I2802373619","https://openalex.org/I4405259123","https://openalex.org/I47367911"]},"years":[2003]},{"institution":{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094962","ror":"https://ror.org/00mdktv23","display_name":"Culham Science Centre","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094962"]},"years":[2003]},{"institution":{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154303","ror":"https://ror.org/04zptmf07","display_name":"DIII-D National Fusion Facility","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210119679","https://openalex.org/I4387154303","https://openalex.org/I63533367"]},"years":[2006,2001,1999]},{"institution":{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]},"years":[2003]},{"institution":{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63533367","ror":"https://ror.org/03ngjpk76","display_name":"General Atomics (United States)","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63533367"]},"years":[2026,2024,2023,2021,2019,2015,2014,2012,2011,2010,2009,2008,2007,2006,2005,2004,2003,2002,2001,2000,1999,1998,1997,1996,1995,1994,1993,1992,1991,1990,1989]},{"institution":{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},"years":[2004]},{"institution":{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]},"years":[2005]}],"last_known_institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63533367","ror":"https://ror.org/03ngjpk76","display_name":"General Atomics (United States)","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63533367"]}],"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10346","display_name":"Magnetic confinement fusion research","count":282,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13769","display_name":"Fusion and Plasma Physics Studies","count":276,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10592","display_name":"Fusion materials and technologies","count":175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10781","display_name":"Low-Pressure Plasma Processing and Diagnostics","count":93,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11367","display_name":"Particle accelerators and beam dynamics","count":12,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"topic_share":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10592","display_name":"Fusion materials and technologies","value":0.0003732,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10384","display_name":"Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics","value":3.05e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13769","display_name":"Fusion and Plasma Physics Studies","value":1.51e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10346","display_name":"Magnetic confinement fusion research","value":1.39e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10781","display_name":"Low-Pressure Plasma Processing and Diagnostics","value":1.39e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"x_concepts":[{"id":"2778495671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5205113","display_name":"DIII-D","score":0.9978125691413879},{"id":"121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","score":0.9449300765991211},{"id":"116515362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188589","display_name":"Tokamak","score":0.942060112953186},{"id":"82706917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10251","display_name":"Plasma","score":0.8168116807937622},{"id":"185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","score":0.5965120792388916}],"counts_by_year":[{"year":1988,"works_count":2,"oa_works_count":0,"cited_by_count":0},{"year":1989,"works_count":1,"oa_works_count":1,"cited_by_count":0},{"year":1990,"works_count":6,"oa_works_count":4,"cited_by_count":0},{"year":1991,"works_count":1,"oa_works_count":0,"cited_by_count":0},{"year":1992,"works_count":12,"oa_works_count":6,"cited_by_count":0},{"year":1993,"works_count":5,"oa_works_count":3,"cited_by_count":0},{"year":1994,"works_count":5,"oa_works_count":2,"cited_by_count":0},{"year":1995,"works_count":3,"oa_works_count":3,"cited_by_count":0},{"year":1996,"works_count":17,"oa_works_count":5,"cited_by_count":0},{"year":1997,"works_count":20,"oa_works_count":6,"cited_by_count":0},{"year":1998,"works_count":21,"oa_works_count":7,"cited_by_count":0},{"year":1999,"works_count":31,"oa_works_count":13,"cited_by_count":0},{"year":2000,"works_count":22,"oa_works_count":4,"cited_by_count":0},{"year":2001,"works_count":18,"oa_works_count":5,"cited_by_count":0},{"year":2002,"works_count":18,"oa_works_count":5,"cited_by_count":0},{"year":2003,"works_count":19,"oa_works_count":8,"cited_by_count":0},{"year":2004,"works_count":15,"oa_works_count":8,"cited_by_count":0},{"year":2005,"works_count":17,"oa_works_count":5,"cited_by_count":0},{"year":2006,"works_count":9,"oa_works_count":6,"cited_by_count":0},{"year":2007,"works_count":13,"oa_works_count":4,"cited_by_count":0},{"year":2008,"works_count":6,"oa_works_count":3,"cited_by_count":0},{"year":2009,"works_count":4,"oa_works_count":2,"cited_by_count":0},{"year":2010,"works_count":2,"oa_works_count":1,"cited_by_count":0},{"year":2011,"works_count":2,"oa_works_count":1,"cited_by_count":0},{"year":2012,"works_count":1,"oa_works_count":1,"cited_by_count":158},{"year":2013,"works_count":0,"oa_works_count":0,"cited_by_count":143},{"year":2014,"works_count":2,"oa_works_count":1,"cited_by_count":162},{"year":2015,"works_count":1,"oa_works_count":1,"cited_by_count":169},{"year":2016,"works_count":0,"oa_works_count":0,"cited_by_count":179},{"year":2017,"works_count":1,"oa_works_count":0,"cited_by_count":159},{"year":2018,"works_count":0,"oa_works_count":0,"cited_by_count":143},{"year":2019,"works_count":1,"oa_works_count":1,"cited_by_count":138},{"year":2020,"works_count":0,"oa_works_count":0,"cited_by_count":146},{"year":2021,"works_count":1,"oa_works_count":1,"cited_by_count":165},{"year":2022,"works_count":0,"oa_works_count":0,"cited_by_count":155},{"year":2023,"works_count":2,"oa_works_count":2,"cited_by_count":155},{"year":2024,"works_count":3,"oa_works_count":3,"cited_by_count":193},{"year":2025,"works_count":1,"oa_works_count":1,"cited_by_count":195},{"year":2026,"works_count":1,"oa_works_count":0,"cited_by_count":134}],"display_name_alternatives":["C Greenfield","C M Greenfield","C. Greenfield","C. M. Greenfield","C.M Greenfield","C.M. GREENFIELD","C.M. Greenfield","Charles Greenfield","Greenfield, C. M.","Greenfield, Charles"],"block_key":"c greenfield","works_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=author.id:A5024664366","updated_date":"2026-11-05T13:29:08","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}